亲水和超疏水特性对深冷表面结霜现象的影响  

Influences of Hydrophilic and Superhydrophobic Properties on Frosting on Cryogenic Cold Surface

作　　者：王振强 李艳霞[1] 刘中良[1] 李一 于凤娇 WANG Zhenqiang;LI Yanxia;LIU Zhongliang;LI Yi;YU Fengjiao(MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation&Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室暨传热与能源利用北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2025年第4期1041-1047,共7页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52076004)。

摘　　要：结霜初期现象是不连续的相变成核过程,冷表面温度和表面特性对这一现象有着直接且重要的影响。已有研究表明在深冷温度范围内超疏水特性对结霜过程的影响远没有普冷条件下明显。为阐明表面性状对深冷条件下结霜现象的影响,本文实验研究了−190∼−30℃亲水和超疏水表面上结霜初始阶段的霜晶生长和形态特征。实验观察到冷表面凝结成霜、边界层凝结成霜、冷表面凝华成霜和边界层凝华成霜4种结霜模式;这4种结霜模式会单独或并存出现在不同温度的冷表面上,并对霜晶的形态产生重要影响;冷表面特性(接触角)在某一特定范围内对结霜模式产生明显的影响,−30℃时只在亲水表面观察到了冷表面凝结成霜模式,−190℃时只在超疏水表面观察到液态空气的存在。初始霜晶形态会随着冷表面温度、结霜模式和表面性状发生改变,大致分为六棱柱状、松针状、团簇状和絮状4种形态。The initial frosting phenomenon is a spatially discontinuous phase transformation and nucleation process.The cold surface temperature and characteristics have a direct and significant impact on the frosting phenomenon.It has been shown that the effect of a superhydrophobic sur-face on frost formation on a cryogenic cold surface is much less obvious than that on a general cold surface.To understand the influences of surface characteristics on frost formation at−190∼−30℃,the growth and morphological characteristics of frost crystals on hydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces at the initial stage of frost formation are experimentally studied.Four frost formation pat-terns are observed:cold surface condensation frosting,air boundary layer condensation frosting,cold surface sublimation frosting,and air boundary layer sublimation frosting.The four frost formation modes appear independently or co-exist on cold surfaces of different temperatures,and have impor-tant effects on the morphology of frost crystals.The cold surface properties(contact angles)have a significant effect on frost formation patterns within a specific range.The cold surface condensation frosting mode is only observed on hydrophilic surfaces at−30℃.The liquid air is only observed on superhydrophobic surfaces at−190℃.The initial frost crystal morphology changes with the cold surface temperature,frost formation mode,and surface properties,and it can be roughly divided into four forms:hexagonal,pine needle,cluster,and flocculant.

关 键 词：深冷表面 结霜现象 亲水 超疏水 成霜模式 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]