液态金属射流流动传热特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Metal Jet

作　　者：柳瑞涛 张红娜 李小斌 李凤臣 LIU Ruitao;ZHANG Hongna;LI Xiaobin;LI Fengchen(State Key Laboratory of Engines,School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院,先进内燃动力全国重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2025年第4期1173-1180,共8页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52176160)。

摘　　要：高热流密度的散热问题一直备受瞩目。本文提出了液态金属射流冲击冷却的散热方案,以期实现对高热流密度表面的高效散热。以Ga_(68)ln_(20)Sn_(12)和Na_(22)K_(78)为工质,进行液态金属射流冲击传热的数值模拟研究,并与水射流进行对比,改变射距和入口流速,探索二者对液态金属射流传热性能的影响。结果表明,在相同工况下,Na_(22)K_(78)射流的平均换热系数约为水射流的3.7倍,Ga_(68)ln_(20)Sn_(12)射流的平均换热系数约为水射流的6倍;当射距小于2倍射流孔径时,传热性能最优,在射流核心区范围内改变射距对传热性能影响较小,但超过核心区范围持续增大射距将不利于传热;入口流速对传热性能有显著影响,增加流速可以强化传热,但强化效果会逐渐减弱。本文的研究结果对高热流密度散热研究具有参考价值。Heat dissipation with high heat flux has always attracted much attention.In this paper,a heat dissipation scheme of liquid metal jet impinging cooling is proposed in order to achieve efficient heat dissipation on the surface with high heat flux density.Using Ga_(68)ln_(20)Sn_(12) and Na_(22)K_(78) as working fluids,the numerical simulation of impinging heat transfer of liquid metal jet was carried out,and compared with water jet.In addition,the firing distance and inlet velocity were changed to explore their effects on the heat transfer performance of liquid metal jet.The results show that under the same working conditions,the average heat transfer coefficient of Na_(22)K_(78) jet and Ga_(68)ln_(20)Sn_(12) jet is 3.7 and 6 times higher than that of water jet,respectively.And the heat transfer performance is the best when the firing distance is less than 2 times the jet aperture.Changing the firing distance in the jet core area has little effect on the heat transfer performance.While continuously increasing the firing distance beyond the core area will not be conducive to heat transfer.The inlet flow rate has a significant effect on the heat transfer performance.So increasing the flow rate can enhance the heat transfer,but the enhancement effect will gradually weaken.The research results of this paper are of reference value for the study of heat dissipation with high heat flux.

关 键 词：液态金属 射流冲击 流动传热特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]