中央法治督察的运行机制与实践逻辑  

The Nature Orientation,Operational Mechanism,and Practical Logic of Central Legal Supervision

作　　者：杜吾青 王丛虎[2,3] Du Wuqing;Wang Conghu(the School of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Renmin University of China;the School of Public Administration,Renmin University of China;Renmin University of China,the Public Resource Transaction Research Center,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学纪检监察学院 [2]中国人民大学公共管理学院 [3]中国人民大学公共资源交易研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2025年第2期2-11,共10页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“坚持不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一体化推进研究:本土理论、成效评价与策略提升” (编号:23AZD079)。

摘　　要：中央法治督察是新时代推进全面从严治党和全面依法治国的创新举措,已经成为驱动地方法治政府建设的重要手段。对于中央法治督察如何形成压力型体制进而长效化推进地方法治政府建设,学界尚未提炼清晰的理论框架予以阐明。本文在明确法治督察的理论与实践定位的基础上,廓清中央法治督察与其他各类督察方式的异同,聚焦问责、动员和落实压力,阐明了中央法治督察何以构成地方法治政府建设的政治压力源。研究发现,地方为应对督察压力,不断改进法治政府建设长效治理机制,从成立法治建设协调机构进行组织调试,到逐级分解行政任务并通过绩效考核压实责任,再到建立跨层级治理、信息交流和督察问责机制。不同于“运动式治理”模式,中央法治督察的制度和实践有助于探索出以“党政同构”为中心的具有中国特色的法治政府建设方案。Central legal supervision is an innovative measure in the new era to advance comprehensive rule of law and strict party governance,becoming a critical tool for driving local rule-of-law government construction.However,the academic community has yet to formulate a clear theoretical framework to explain how central legal supervision creates a pressure-based system and promotes the long-term governance of local rule-of-law government construction.Based on clarifying the theoretical and practical positioning of central legal supervision,this paper focuses on accountability,mobilization,and implementation pressure to elucidate how central legal supervision constitutes a source of political pressure in local ruleof-law government construction.The study finds that local governments respond to supervisory pressure by improving long-term governance mechanisms in three aspects:first,by “simulating” the Central Office for Governing the Country by Law for organizational adjustments;second,by decomposing administrative tasks step by step and reinforcing responsibilities through performance evaluations;and third,by establishing cross-level governance,information exchange,and supervisory accountability mechanisms.Unlike the “campaign-style governance” model,the institutional arrangements and practical work of central legal supervision contribute to exploring a uniquely Chinese rule-of-law government construction plan centered on “party-government integration.”

关 键 词：法治督察 政治监督 法治政府 压力型体制 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]