地方化嵌入:灾害治理中社会力量自组织网络的行动趋向研究  

Localized Embeddedness:Research on the Action Trends of Self-organized Networks of Social Forces in Disaster Governance

作　　者：张勇杰 Zhang Yongjie(Institute of Emergency Management Research(China-Europe Emergency Management Institute),Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C(National Academy of Governance),Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)应急管理研究院(中欧应急管理学院),北京100089

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2025年第2期108-119,共12页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“社会力量应急协作网络构建与路径优化”(编号:24CZZ029)。

摘　　要：本文立足于组织间网络中的整体网络视角,将“空间”的理念带入自组织网络的行动分析,研究了社会力量在灾害治理中地方化嵌入的行动趋向。研究认为,社会力量在推进自组织网络建设时,为了提升面向灾害一线的响应能力,不断尝试延展网络建设的规模,通过空间尺度内的纵向延伸,主动嵌入到地方制度结构、行动者网络和文化场域中,从而实现整体网络结构的重心下移、工作前移与响应效能提升。在对两组典型案例研究的基础上,分析自组织网络在拓展整体网络规模时需要进行数字化赋能、层层扩网和区域化助推、网网融合。要处理好集权与分权、专业与协同、常态与非常态之间的关系,提高社会力量自组织网络应对不确定风险挑战的能力,形塑灾害治理中独具中国特色的社会参与模式。同时自组织网络地方化嵌入也面临网络自身与外部制度环境的融合性难题,自组织网络管理仍需要统筹考虑处理作为整体网络与网络中个体组织的关系,激发网络活力、强化规范支撑、促进组织学习、优化网络效能,助力地方防灾减灾救灾能力提升。This article is based on the overall network perspective in inter-organizational networks,brings the concept of “space” into the action analysis of self-organizing networks,and studies the action trends of social forces' localized embedding in disaster governance.The study believes that when promoting the construction of self-organized networks,social forces constantly try to extend the scale of network construction in order to improve the response capabilities to the front line of disasters,and actively embed themselves into local institutional structures,actor networks and cultures through vertical extension within the spatial scale.In the field,the center of gravity of the overall network structure can be moved downward,work can be moved forward,and response efficiency can be improved.Based on two sets of typical case studies,the paper analyzes two extension logics of self-organizing networks in expanding the overall network scale:one is digital empowerment and layer-by-layer network expansion;the other is regional boosting and network-network integration.This process not only handles the relationship between centralization and decentralization,professionalism and collaboration,but also improves the ability of self-organized networks of social forces to cope with uncertain risk challenges,and shapes a social participation model with unique Chinese characteristics in disaster governance.Of course,the localized embedding of self-organizing networks is not only challenged by the management of the network itself,but also faces the problem of integration between the network itself and the external institutional environment.In the future,self-organizing network management still needs to comprehensively consider the relationship between the overall network and individual organizations in the network,stimulate network vitality,strengthen normative support,promote organizational learning,optimize network efficiency,and help improve local disaster prevention,reduction,and relief capabilities.

关 键 词：地方化嵌入 社会组织 自组织网络 灾害治理 应急管理 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]