2016-2023年呼伦贝尔市急性弛缓性麻痹病例流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis on the acute flaccid paralysis cases in Hulunbuir City from 2016 to 2023

作　　者：郎青原 张闻洋 LANG Qingyuan;ZHang Wenxiang(Hulunbuir Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hailar 021000,Inner Mongolia,China.)

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔市疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2025年第2期86-90,共5页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的 分析2016-2023年期间呼伦贝尔市急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例的流行病学特性,并系统评估监测体系的运行效能,以期为本市的AFP防控策略提供科学依据。方法 整理呼伦贝尔市2016-2023年的AFP监测病例数据,采用描述性流行病学分析方法,对病例的三间分布特征进行分析。运用SPSS 19.0软件及χ^(2)检验进行数据处理。检验水准为α=0.05。结果 呼伦贝尔市在2016-2023年间共报告了92例AFP病例,年平均发病率为4.92/10万,各旗(市)区均有AFP病例报告。病例在2月、6月和9月相对较少,男女性别比为2.17∶1。所有患者均有脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫接种史。监测系统的敏感度和及时性满足国家和自治区的监测要求,分别达到2/10万以上和80%的指标要求。结论呼伦贝尔市AFP监测系统运转稳定有效,满足了维持无脊髓灰质炎状态的要求。但仍需在降低误报率、提升首诊报告质量、加强合格便标本采集工作以及提高监测敏感性等方面继续努力。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases in Hulunbuir City from 2016 to 2023. The effectiveness of the monitoring system was evaluated to provide scientific basis for AFP prevention and control strategy. Methods The data of AFP surveillance cases in Hulunbuir City from 2016 to 2023 were systematically collected,and the three distribution characteristics of the cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method.SPSS 19.0 software and χ~2test were used for data processing, the test level α =0.05. Results A total of 92 AFP cases were reported in Hulunbuir from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual incidence of 4.92 per 105,and AFP cases were reported in all banner(city) districts. There were relatively few cases in February,June and September,and the sex ratio of male to female was 2.17∶1.All patients had a history of immunization against polio vaccine. The sensitivity and timeliness of the monitoring system met the monitoring requirements of the state and the autonomous region,reaching the index requirements of more than 2 and 80% of 105, respectively. Conclusions The AFP monitoring system in Hulunbuir City runs stably and effectively,which meets the requirement of maintaining polio-free status. However,further efforts should be made to reduce the rate of false positives, improve the quality of first diagnosis reports, strengthen the collection of qualified stool specimens and improve the sensitivity of surveillance.

关 键 词：急性弛缓性麻痹 监测系统 脊髓灰质炎 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]