2024年德阳市义务教育阶段学生课桌椅型号分配情况调查  

Investigation on the distribution of student desks and chairs in the compulsory education stage in Deyang City in 2024

作　　者：张辉[1] 陈彬[2] 曾玲 董洪[1] 苏继艳 郑玲[1] 冯雪成 ZHANG Hui;CHEN Bin;ZENG Ling;DONG Hong;SU Jiyan;ZHENG Ling;FENG Xuecheng(Deyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China;Aba Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Aba 624000,Sichuan Province,China;Deyang Educational Technology and Equipment Office,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]德阳市疾病预防控制中心,四川德阳618000 [2]阿坝州疾病预防控制中心,四川阿坝624000 [3]德阳市教育技术装备处,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2025年第2期124-128,132,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的 了解德阳市学生课桌椅分配情况,为干预工作提供技术支撑。方法 于2024年春季学期在德阳市采用分层随机抽样法,对3 773名义务教育阶段学生及其配套使用的3 773套课桌椅、按《学校课桌椅功能尺寸及技术要求》(GB/T 3976-2014)开展检测,观察课桌椅分配符合率、身高与桌椅型号的差异程度等情况,使用SPSS 26.0统计软件,使用卡方检验、Jonckheere-Terpstra检验等比较统计结果,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 德阳市义务教育阶段学生成套使用升降式课桌椅的比例为76.12%;课桌椅分配符合率为7.95%,存在年级越低分配符合率越低的趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=312.206,P<0.001);各年级均存在课桌和/或课椅型号较应该使用型号偏大(高度偏高)现象,同时存在年级越低型号偏大越严重的趋势(J_(课桌)=-26.933,P<0.001;J_(课椅)=-16.303,P<0.001)。结论 德阳市义务教育阶段学校使用升降式课桌椅的比例有待提高,学生课桌椅分配符合率过低。建议管理部门加强标准宣贯、加强监督检查,指导学校在现有条件下采取跨年级调配课桌椅、组织学生家长动手升降课桌椅等措施,尽快提高学生课桌椅分配符合率。Objective To understand the distribution of desks and chairs among students in Deyang City,and to provide technical support for intervention.Methods In the spring semester of 2024,a stratified random sampling method was used to select 3 773 students in the compulsory education stage and their 3 773 sets of desks and chairs for test according to the Functional Dimensions and Technical Requirements of School Desks and Chairs GB/T 3976-2014.The coincidence rate of desks and chairs distribution,and the degree of difference between height and desks and chairs were observed.SPSS 26 statistical software was used to compare the statistical results by Chi-square test and Jonckheere-Terpstra test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The proportion of students using lifting desks and chairs in the compulsory education stage in Deyang City was76.12%.The distribution coincidence rate of desks and chairs was 7.95%,and there was a trend that the lower the grade,the lower the distribution coincidence rate(χ^(2)_(trend)=312.206,P<0.001).There was a phenomenon that the types of desks and/or chairs in all grades were larger than those should be used (higher in height).At the same time,there was a trend that the lower the grade,the larger the model (J_(desk)=-26.933,P<0.001;J_(chair)=-16.303,P<0.001).Conclusions The proportion of using lift desks and chairs in schools in the compulsory education stage in Deyang City needs to be improved,and the distribution coincidence rate of students'desks and chairs was too low.It is suggested that the management department should strengthen the publicity and implementation of standards,strengthen supervision and inspection,guide schools to adopt crossgrade allocation of desks and chairs under the existing conditions,and organize parents to lift/lower desks and chairs by hand,so as to improve the coincidence rate of students'desks and chairs allocation as soon as possible.

关 键 词：学生 课桌椅型号 分配 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]