不同产地富士苹果果实品质差异性分析  

Analysis of Quality Differences in Fuji Apple Fruits from Different Producing Area

作　　者：王贵平[1] 王延书 陈汝[1] 李方杰 薛晓敏[1] WANG Gui-ping;WANG Yan-shu;CHEN Ru(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai’an,Shandong 271000;Linyi Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Linyi,Shandong 276000)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [2]临沂市农业农村局,山东临沂276000 [3]威海市文登区农业农村事务服务中心,山东威海264400

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第8期181-187,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);山东省果树研究所科研创新基金项目(GSS2022ZD03)。

摘　　要：为了明确富士苹果不同产地品质差异,以我国11个苹果重要生产县(市)富士苹果为试验材料,测定和分析不同苹果重要生产县(市)富士苹果果实外在、内在和加工质地等20个品质指标,并运用主成分分析法对11个苹果重要生产县(市)富士品种果实品质进行评价。结果表明,果实品质指标间存在不同程度相关性,不同苹果重要生产县(市)富士果实品质存在一定差异,单果重以平凉最大,色度a^(*)值、可滴定酸含量、出汁率以蓬莱最大,硬度、糖酸比以盐源最大,脆度以盐源和平凉较大。品质和气象因子相关性分析结果显示,色度a^(*)值与极端高温呈正相关;可溶性固形物含量(SSC)与极端高温呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与降水量呈正相关;可滴定酸含量与平均气温呈显著负相关(P<0.05);糖酸比与降水量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);果实脆度与平均气温呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);纤维指数与日照时数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);果点密度与降水量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。通过主成分分析法,共提取了5个主成分,累计方差贡献率高达89.012%,可以反映原指标的大部分信息,11个苹果重要生产县(市)富士品种果实外在、内在、加工及质地品质综合起来从高到低排序为盐源、栖霞、咸阳、晋中、平凉、洛川、蒙阴、昭通、运城、丰县、蓬莱。In order to clarify the regional quality differences of Fuji apples,using Fuji apples from 11 important apple production counties(cities)in China as experimental materials,20 quality indicators including external,internal,and processing texture of Fuji apples from different important apple production counties(cities)were measured and analyzed.Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the fruit quality of Fuji apples from 11 important apple production counties(cities).The results showed that there were varying degrees of correlation between fruit quality indicators,and there were certain differences in the quality of Fuji fruits in different important apple production counties(cities).The single fruit weight was highest in Pingliang,and the color difference a^(*)value,titratable acid content and juice yield were highest in Penglai.The hardness and sugar acid ratio were highest in Yanyuan,and the brittleness was higher in Yanyuan and Pingliang.The result of the correlation analysis between quality and meteorological factors showed that the chromaticity a^(*)value was positively correlated with extreme high temperatures;the soluble solid content(SSC)was significantly negatively correlated with extreme high temperatures(P<0.05)and positively correlated with precipitation;the titratable acid content was significantly negatively correlated with the average temperature(P<0.05);the sugar to acid ratio was significantly positively correlated with precipitation(P<0.05);there was a extremely significant negative correlation between fruit brittleness and average temperature(P<0.01);the fiber index was significantly positively correlated with the duration of sunlight(P<0.05);there was a significant positive correlation between fruit density and precipitation(P<0.05).Through principal component analysis,a total of 5 principal components were extracted,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 89.012%,which could reflect most of the information of the original indicator.The 11 important apple producing counties(ci

关 键 词：富士苹果 产地 果实品质 气象因子 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]