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作 者:宋宝祥 傅成红 SONG Baoxiang;FU Chenghong(School of Transportation Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China;Institute of Transportation Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China)
机构地区:[1]福建理工大学交通运输学院,福州350118 [2]福建理工大学交通运输研究所,福州350118
出 处:《交通工程》2025年第5期14-22,共9页Journal of Transportation Engineering
基 金:福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J05194)。
摘 要:中央厨房作为餐饮供应链集约化管理的核心模式,在食品安全保障与运营效率提升方面展现出巨大潜力。当下多数中央厨房企业仍依赖传统多车型单温配送模式。然而,随着业务规模的持续扩张以及客户需求渐趋多样化,传统模式已不能适应中央厨房“少量多样、温区繁杂”的配送特征。本研究聚焦于将考虑订单拆分策略的蓄冷式多温共配模式引入中央厨房配送体系,以车辆固定成本、运输成本、货损成本、时间窗惩罚成本、碳排放成本、制冷成本和拆分成本之和最小化为目标建立路径优化模型,并设计改进黏菌算法—订单拆分策略两阶段优化算法求解。最后,以福州市某中央厨房的配送数据作为算例,对比分析不同配送模式下的优化结果,结果表明:相较于传统多车型单温配送,采用蓄冷式多温共配的总成本减少约25.04%;相较于蓄冷式多温共配,采用考虑订单拆分的蓄冷式多温共配总成本减少约9.26%。有力验证所提模型与算法在降低配送成本、提高资源利用效率方面的卓越成效,为中央厨房配送的精细化、科学化发展提供极具实践价值的参考方案。As a key model for the catering supply chain s intensive management,the central kitchen shows great potential in ensuring food safety and improving efficiency.Most current central-kitchen enterprises still use the traditional multi-vehicle single-temperature distribution.However,with the continuous expansion of business scale and growing customer-demand diversification,this traditional model can no longer adapt to the“small-quantity,diverse-variety,and complex-temperature-zone”distribution traits of central kitchens.This research focuses on integrating the cold-storage-based multi-temperature co-distribution model with an order-splitting strategy into the central-kitchen distribution system,establishing a route-optimization model to minimize the sum of vehicle fixed costs,transportation costs,cargo-loss costs,time-window penalty costs,carbon-emission costs,refrigeration costs,and order-splitting costs,and designing a two-stage optimization algorithm combining the Improved Slime Mold Algorithm and the order-splitting strategy for solving this model.Using the distribution data of a central kitchen in Fuzhou as a case,we compare and analyze the optimization results of different distribution models.The results show that,compared with the traditional multi-vehicle single-temperature distribution model,the cold-storage-based multi-temperature co-distribution model reduces the total cost by about 25.04%,and compared with the cold-storage-based multi-temperature co-distribution model,the model considering order-splitting reduces the total cost by about 9.26%,strongly validating the outstanding effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm in reducing distribution costs and improving resource-utilization efficiency and offering a highly practical reference for the meticulous and scientific development of central-kitchen distribution operations.
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