费孝通的学术追求  

Fei Xiaotong's Academic Pursuit

作　　者：周星 Zhou Xing

机构地区：[1]日本神奈川大学国际日本学部 [2]日本神奈川大学历史民俗资料学研究科

出　　处：《天津社会科学》2025年第2期52-63,174,175,共14页Tianjin Social Sciences

摘　　要：费孝通是中国当代最具有影响力的社会学家、人类学家,他一生的学术研究和社会实践,为中国社会科学及人文学术领域留下了珍贵的学术遗产,也为当代中国社会的进步与发展做出了贡献。1978年,在经历了长达二十年的空白期之后,费孝通重新回归学术界。直至2005年他去世,费孝通晚年的学术研究更加成熟,也更加贴近当代中国的社会实际,其学术研究的实践性和应用性也更加明确。费孝通晚年的学术思想及贡献,可以从四个方面予以总结。一是通过乡镇企业和小城镇等实证研究,探索中国式现代化的发展之路;二是提出了中华民族“多元一体”格局理论,为中国作为统一的多民族国家提供了基本的国家原理;三是提倡“文化自觉”理念,推动中国文化在21世纪的创新发展;四是追问何为人类的美好社会,提出了“美美与共”、和而不同的有关人类社会的理想。费孝通的终极关怀是思考和探索包括中国各族人民的共同繁荣在内的人类理想的美好社会,为此,他贡献了作为人类学家的智慧及想象力。Fei Xiaotong is one of the most influential sociologists and anthropologists in contemporary China.His lifelong academic research and social practices have left a precious academic legacy in the field of social sciences and humanities in China,and have contributed to the progress and development of contemporary Chinese society.In 1978,after a 20-year gap,Fei Xiaotong returned to academia.Until his death in 2005,Fei Xiaotong's academic research in his later years became more mature and closer to the social reality of contemporary China,and the practical and applied nature of his academic research became clearer.Fei Xiaotong's academic thoughts and contributions in his later years can be summarized from four aspects.Firstly,through empirical research on township enterprises and small towns,he explored the development path of Chinese-style modernization;Secondly,the theory of the “unity in diversity” of the Chinese nation was put forward,providing the basic national principle for China as a unified multiethnic state;Thirdly,he advocated the concept of “cultural self-awareness” and promoted the innovative development of Chinese culture in the twenty-first century;fourthly,he asked what constitutes a good society for mankind and proposed the ideals of “beauty and harmony” and “harmony and difference” in relation to human society.Fei Xiaotong's ultimate concern is to think about and explore the ideal good society of mankind,including the common prosperity of all ethnic groups in China,and to this end,he has contributed his wisdom and imagination as an anthropologist.

关 键 词：费孝通 中国式现代化 多元一体理论 文化自觉 美好社会 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]