聚焦“观念词”:命题式·情境化·统摄性  

Focusing on “Conceptual Keywords”:Proposition-based,Contextualized and Integrative

作　　者：张宝明[1,2] Zhang Baoming

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院 [2]河南大学人文社科高等研究院

出　　处：《天津社会科学》2025年第2期143-152,176,共11页Tianjin Social Sciences

基　　金：河南大学新兴交叉学术领域培育计划“中国近现代思想转型与社会变迁——以观念为核心依托”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人文世界纷繁复杂,不同文化族群都有自己的一套命名体系来解读人文世界。世界万物以观念的形式进入人的心智世界,而观念词则是用来承载人类语言文化共同体的观念语词,它们是对某一具体文化来讲特别重要的基础性观念的语言呈现。在古今转换、中西碰撞相交织的语言变局中,观念词处于意义网络中心或节点的位置,既保留有中国古代思想文化序列的核心观念,也内蕴着中国现代思想文化系统的语词密码;既有源于中西不同话语系统的语词支撑,同时也连接着政治、经济、文化、科技等领域的诸多语词。这些观念词在历史生活中被用来传达思想观念、建构集体记忆、塑造社会典范、凝聚社会人心,影响、改变民众的意见、情绪、态度和信念。观念词反映着人类认识世界的“知识架构”,也构成了探访解读人文思想史的一个个“精神纽结”。作为人文思想史的“精神纽结”,观念词与概念、关键词等最大的不同就是,它是一个复合性的用语。观念词讲求的是综合、复数与抽象,是集合式、立体式、抽象的总体观念的综合,进一步说,是民族的、地域的、集体的抑或社会的概括与升华,更是对打破悬隔、实现通约最大化的诉求。作为理解人文思想史特质的方法,什么样的词汇可以成为观念词是必须考虑的问题。The humanistic world is complicated,and different cultural groups have their own naming systems to interpret it.Humans understand all things in the world through concepts,and Conceptual Keywords are used to carry human language and cultural communities,which are the language presentation of basic ideas.In the language changes of ancient and modern transformation and Chinese and Western collision,Conceptual Keywords are located at the center of webs of significance.They are used to convey ideas,construct collective memory,shape social models,rally the people's support,and influence the opinions,emotions,attitudes and beliefs of the public.Conceptual Keywords reflect the “knowledge framework” of human beings' understanding of the world,and also constitute the “spiritual knots” for exploring and interpreting the history of humanistic thought.They are compound languages and emphasize synthesis,plurality and abstraction.Furthermore,Conceptual Keywords are the national,regional,collective or social generalization and sublimation,and they are dedicated to break through the distinction,to achieve the maximization of the commensurability.As a method to understand the characteristics of humanistic thought,what kind of words can be chosen as Conceptual Keywords is a question that must be considered.

关 键 词：观念词 命题式 情境化 统摄性 人文语义学 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]