长沙烟区烟草赤星病病害调查与病原菌鉴定  

Investigation of Tobacco Brown Spot Disease and Pathogen Identification in Changsha Tobacco-Growing Region

作　　者：谢林 蔡海林 李建勇 翟争光 邹硕 何昊欣 付竞 黄彬彬 刘清术 陈武[1] XIE Lin;CAI Hailin;LI Jianyong;ZHAI Zhengguang;ZOU Shuo;HE Haoxin;FU Jing;HUANG Binbin;LIU Qingshu;CHEN Wu(College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Changsha Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company,Changsha,410023,China;Changsha Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hunan Province,Changsha 410000,China;Applied Mycology Laboratory,Hunan Provincial Institute of Microbiology,Changsha 410009,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司,长沙410023 [3]湖南省长沙市农业农村局,长沙41000 [4]湖南省微生物研究院应用真菌室,长沙410009

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2025年第2期45-51,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2024KJ04);湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司科技项目(CS2022KJ02)。

摘　　要：赤星病是影响长沙烟区烟叶质量安全的主要因子之一。为查明长沙烟区赤星病的为害现状及烟草赤星病病原菌的种类,全面调查了长沙烟区赤星病的发病率与病情指数。结果表明,各产烟乡镇的发病率为0.56%~16.67%,病情指数为0.06~5.43。对所分离的赤星病菌进行了形态学鉴定和分子生物学鉴定,结果表明长沙烟区赤星病的致病菌为链格孢(Alternaria alternata)和细极链格孢(A.tenuissima),其中优势种为细极链格孢(A.tenuissima),检出率达75.00%。本研究还证实rDNA-ITS基因比较保守,不能用于链格孢属真菌种一级的鉴定,而Plasma membrane ATPase基因鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果一致,可用于区分链格孢属真菌的种。长沙烟区烟草赤星病病原具有多样性,以细极链格孢为主。Brown spot disease is one of the primary factors affecting safety of leaf tobacco quality in Changsha tobacco-growing region.To investigate the occurrence and identify the pathogenic species causing tobacco brown spot disease,a comprehensive survey was conducted on incidence rate and disease index of brown spot disease across the tobacco production towns in Changsha.Results showed that the incidence rate and disease index ranged 0.56%-16.67%and 0.06-5.43 respectively.Through combined morphological and molecular biological identification of isolated pathogens,the study revealed that the causative agents were Alternaria alternata and A.tenuissima,with the detection rate of A.tenuissima up to 75.00%.Further in this study,rDNA-ITS gene was confirmed to be excessive conservation for species-level differentiation within the Alternaria genus,whereas the plasma membrane ATPase gene displayed concordance with morphological identification results,proving suitable for interspecies discrimination.In conclusion,the pathogens of tobacco brown spot disease in Changsha tobacco-growing region exhibit high diversity,with Alternaria alternata being predominant.

关 键 词：长沙烟区 烟草赤星病 病原菌鉴定 链格孢 细极链格孢 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]