分布式把关:流量时代新闻判断的要素分化与价值协商  

Distributed Gatekeeping:Factors Differentiation and Value Negotiation in News Judgment in the Traffic Era

作　　者：张雪[1] 王斌[2,3] Zhang Xue;Wang Bin(School of Journalism and Communication,Xiamen University;Research Center of Journalism and Social Development;School of Journalism and Communication,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学新闻传播学院,福建厦门361005 [2]中国人民大学新闻与社会发展研究中心,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学新闻学院

出　　处：《新闻界》2025年第3期27-39,共13页

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“数字智能时代新闻学知识生产范式变革研究”(24&ZD318)。

摘　　要：数字化环境下,流量作为平台、算法与用户共同作用下的数字表征,已成为一种评价性指标和生产性要素。本文以把关理论为研究视角,通过对55位从业者的深度访谈,考察了流量介入下新闻价值判断的分化及其生成机制,进而提出分布式把关的概念,即媒体在政治导向、情感动员、阵地抢占的细分目标下,弹性化地将流量作为新闻价值判断的参考,从而对不同价值要素进行锚定、改造和凸显,建立其把关秩序。这一把关的复杂样态是媒体对流量逻辑的回应,反映出从业者对数字压力的化解、平台对社会质疑其公共性缺失的预防、媒体组织面对发展性危机的调适。本文的意义是为流量与新闻生产关系提供情境化阐释,并从经验和规范层面对把关理论展开讨论。In the digital environment,traffic,as a quantitative representation shaped by platforms,algorithms,and users,has become both an evaluative metric and a productive element.From the perspective of gatekeeping theory,this study examines the differentiation and generative mechanisms of news value judgment under the influence of traffic through in-depth interviews with 55 news workers.We have proposed the concept of distributed gatekeeping,wherein media flexibly incorporate traffic as a reference for news value judgment under segmented goals such as political orientation,emotional mobilization,and battlefield occupation.This process involves anchoring,modifying,and highlighting different news value factors to establish a gatekeeping order.This complex manifestation of gatekeeping reflects media's response to the logic of traffic,practitioners'mitigation of digital pressures,platforms'prevention of public criticism regarding the loss of publicity,and media organizations'adaptation to developmental crises.The significance of this study lies in providing a contextualized interpretation of the relationship between traffic and news production,while also engaging in empirical and normative discussions on gatekeeping theory.

关 键 词：流量 把关 新闻生产 媒体 数字新闻业 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]