长春地区献血者丙氨酸氨基转移酶初筛与实验室复检不合格情况分析  

Analysis of unqualified ALT results in the initial screening and re-examination of blood donors in Changchun,China

作　　者：何敏[1] 崔婧茹 王智勇[1] 马洋[1] HE Min;CUI Jingru;WANG Zhiyong;MA Yang(Jilin Province Blood Center,Changchun Blood Center,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省血液中心长春市中心血站,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2025年第4期495-501,共7页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：吉林省卫生健康科技能力提升计划项目(2024A212)。

摘　　要：目的了解长春地区献血者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)采前初筛及实验室复检不合格的非病理性影响因素,为降低因ALT不合格引起的献血者淘汰及血液报废提供数据参考。方法收集2023年9月1日—2024年10月31日本中心实验室ALT检测不合格结果,根据采血地点、初筛检测设备分类统计ALT不合格率;对ALT初筛检测完成后的标本进行实验室检测,根据采血地点、初筛检测设备分组统计采前初筛与实验室检测的ALT不合格率、结果的不符合率及ALT量值的分布区间;采血前对献血者进行问卷调查,统计分析献血者的生活习惯及献血前饮食对ALT检测结果的影响。结果实验室ALT不合格率统计,不同采血地点、不同初筛检测设备间ALT不合格率有差异(P<0.05);相同型号设备不同使用地点ALT不合格率比较,设备1联合采血屋与全血屋、联合采血屋与献血车之间均有差异(P<0.05);设备2联合采血屋与献血车、全血屋与献血车之间均有差异(P<0.05);其他相同设备各组间无差异(P>0.05)。初筛与实验室相同标本检测结果进行比较,ALT不合格率分别为16.29%、13.01%;不同采血地点间ALT不合格率有差异(P<0.05),不同检测设备间ALT检测结果无差异(P>0.05);初筛与实验室结果不符合率5.26%,其中初筛不合格/实验室合格的占81.15%(99/122);不同采血地点、不同检测设备间初筛不合格/实验室合格率有差异(P<0.05);初筛ALT中位数为29.0 U/L(5%~95%区间为14~75 U/L),实验室ALT中位数为19 U/L(5%~95%区间为8~65 U/L)。问卷调查结果显示献血前24 h内饮酒者有33.3%(2/6)ALT不合格;献血前一晚熬夜者有10%(1/10)ALT不合格。结论长春地区献血者采前初筛与实验室复检ALT不合格率与采血地点、检测设备、检测环境、检测人员、检测标本、ALT阈值、检测时间均密切相关;献血前24 h饮酒和熬夜有增加ALT检测不合格的风险。Objective To investigate the non-pathological influencing factors of the unqualified alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in the initial screening of blood donors in Changchun and the laboratory re-examination,so as to provide evidence for reducing the deferral of blood donors and the discarding of blood due to ALT disqualification.Methods The unqualified results of ALT from the laboratory of our center from September 1,2023 to October 31,2024 were collected.The unqualified rates of ALT were statistically analyzed according to the blood collection sites and the initial screening detection equipment.The samples after ALT pre-donation screening were tested in the laborator,and the unqualified rates of ALT in the initial screening and the laboratory,the non-conformity rate of the results and the distribution range of ALT values were statistically analyzed according to the blood collection sites and the initial screening detection equipment.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the blood donors before blood collection to statistically analyze the influence of the blood donors′living habits and diet on ALT test results.Results The statistical analysis of the unqualified rate of ALT in the laboratory showed statistically significant differences in the ALT disqualification rates among different blood collection sites and different initial screening detection devices(P<0.05).Comparison of the ALT unqualified rate for the same type of equipment at different sites showed that for Equipment 1,there were differences between the combined blood collection house and the whole blood house,and between the combined blood collection house and the blood donation vehicle(P<0.05);for Equipment 2,there were differences between the combined blood collection house and the blood donation vehicle,and between the whole blood house and the blood donation vehicle(P<0.05);there were no significant differences among other groups with the same equipment.The initial screening and the laboratory test results for the same samples were compared,with unq

关 键 词：献血者 ALT 不合格率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446[医药卫生—临床医学]