球杆仪测量机床两回转轴的运动几何学原理研究  

Research on kinematic geometry principle of double ball bar measuring two rotary axes of machine tool

作　　者：廖祖平 唐首臣 王智[1] 汪伟 王德伦[1] LIAO Zuping;TANG Shouchen;WANG Zhi;WANG Wei;WANG Delun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen 333403,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]景德镇陶瓷大学机械电子工程学院,江西景德镇333403

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报》2025年第3期262-269,共8页Journal of Dalian University of Technology

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划资助项目(2022JH2/101300209);大连市科技创新基金资助项目(2022JJ12GX032).

摘　　要：提出了球杆仪测量机床两回转轴的运动几何学原理.球杆仪为两杆三副的SPS杆组,被测对象为机床两回转轴真实开式机构,球杆仪和被测对象组成空间闭环测量机构,保持被测对象的运动自由度不变,形成了球杆仪测量机构的组成原理.基于SPS杆组及其SS假想约束,建立了描述测量机构与假想机构的结构尺度与运动轨迹内在联系的运动几何学模型.由该模型确定被测对象的各轴输入运动关系,求解出测量机构对应的输出运动规律,并与球杆仪输出的对应实际测量数据比较,进而评价被测对象的运动精度.由此阐述了球杆仪测量机构的运动几何学原理,为球杆仪的测量方式、运动关系和评价基准提供理论依据.The kinematic geometry principle of the double ball bar(DBB)measuring two rotary axes of machine tool is proposed.The DBB is composed of a spherical-prismatic-spherical(SPS)bar group with two rods and three pairs.The measured object is a real open mechanism with two rotary axes of machine tool.The DBB and the measured object form a spatial closed-loop measuring mechanism.By keeping the motion freedom of the measured object unchanged,the composition principle of the DBB measurement mechanism is constructed.Based on the SPS bar group and its SS hypothetical constraint,a kinematic geometry model is established to describe the intrinsic relationship between the structural scale and motion trajectory of the measurement mechanism and hypothetical mechanism.The input motion relationship of each axis of the measured object is determined by this model,and the output motion law corresponding to the measurement mechanism is solved.Then,it is compared with the corresponding actual measurement data output by the DBB to evaluate the motion accuracy of the measured object.Therefore,the kinematic geometry principle of the DBB measurement mechanism is expounded,which provides a theoretical basis for the DBB measurement method,motion relationship and evaluation benchmark.

关 键 词：球杆仪 机构 运动几何学 机床 测量 

分 类 号：TH112[机械工程—机械设计及理论]