基于三维牵引力显微镜的力学测量研究  

Mechanical measurement study based on three⁃dimensional traction microscopy

作　　者：祁航 章帅华 王艳艳 QI Hang;ZHANG Shuaihua;WANG Yanyan(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院精密测试技术及仪器全国重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《计测技术》2025年第2期40-47,共8页Metrology & Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371471)。

摘　　要：细胞通过细胞外基质感知微环境的硬度、弹性和拓扑结构等物理特性,并借助力学敏感蛋白响应机械刺激来调控其增殖、分化和迁移等行为。因此,精确测量细胞与基质间的机械力对研究力学感知和信号转导至关重要。为测量肿瘤细胞迁移时对基质所施加的牵引力,本文利用牵引力显微镜(Traction Force Microscopy,TFM)技术,通过实时监测嵌入基质中的荧光微球位移,并结合基质的力学特性,利用正演法和反演法实现了亚细胞尺度的高精度牵引力测量。测量结果显示肿瘤细胞在所构建的基质上迁移时突触区域产生了约431.9 Pa的牵引力,胞体区域产生了约153.9 Pa的牵引力。该技术凭借其高分辨力、非侵入性以及实时原位检测等优势,为微纳尺度的力学测量提供了新的研究思路。Cells perceive physical properties such as stiffness,elasticity,and topological structure of the microenvironment through the extracellular matrix,and utilize mechanosensitive proteins to respond to mechanical stimuli,thereby regulating behaviors such as proliferation,differentiation,and migration.Therefore,precise measurement of mechanical forces between cells and the matrix is crucial for studying mechanosensing and signal transduction.To measure the traction forces exerted by tumor cells on the matrix during migration,this study employs Traction Force Microscopy(TFM)technology.By real‐time monitoring of the displacement of fluorescent microspheres embedded in the matrix and combining the mechanical properties of the matrix,high‐precision traction force measurement at the subcellular scale is achieved using forward and inverse methods.The measurement results showed that tumor cells exerted traction forces of approximately 431.9 Pa in the protrusion regions and 153.9 Pa in the cell body regions during migration on the constructed matrix.This technology,with its advantages of high resolution,non‐invasiveness,and real‐time in situ detection,provides a new research approach for mechanical measurements at the micro‐nano scale.

关 键 词：牵引力显微镜 细胞外基质 细胞力学 乳腺癌细胞 

分 类 号：TB93[一般工业技术—计量学] TP212.3[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器] TH742[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]