不同类型黄腐酸的性质表征  

Characterization of properties of different types of fulvic acids

作　　者：武国寒 文新月 王亚玲 梅秀文 陈克岩 牛秋红[1] 王秀斌[2] WU Guo-han;WEN Xin-yue;WANG Ya-ling;MEI Xiu-wen;CHEN Ke-yan;NIU Qiu-hong;WANG Xiu-bin(College of Life Sciences,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang Henan 473061;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Resources&Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding Hebei 071001)

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南南阳473061 [2]北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2025年第3期223-232,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：农田智慧施肥项目(20221805);企业委托项目(2023KF064)。

摘　　要：探究矿物源黄腐酸(MFA)、生化源黄腐酸(BFA)和秸秆源黄腐酸(SFA)的结构差异,为黄腐酸在农业生产中的应用提供合理依据。采用元素分析仪(EA)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振碳谱(^(13)C-NMR)、三维荧光光谱(3D-EEMs)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)等技术,研究不同类型黄腐酸的元素组成、官能团种类、化学结构特征及化合物组成。元素组成显示,SFA中O、S、N、H元素含量均高于MFA和BFA,且具有较高的H/C、O/C、N/C和(N+O)/C。采用UV-Vis和FTIR发现,与MFA相比,BFA和SFA的芳香性较弱,芳香环上的含氧官能团较多,分子量较小,聚合度程度低。采用^(13)C-NMR表明,3类黄腐酸的碳结构均以烷氧基碳和芳香碳占比为主,但SFA的疏水性指数、芳香缩合程度低于MFA和BFA。采用3D-EEMs显示,3类黄腐酸在组成物质上均以羰基、羧基和酚类结构的含氧类物质为主,其中SFA和BFA的羧基、羰基和酚类结构占比较大,而MFA的芳香性结构则较多。采用GC/MS发现,MFA、BFA和SFA分别由84、93和101种化合物组成,且均以含氧化合物为主,其占比分别为89.89%、92.80%和86.28%,而含氮化合物则是SFA高于MFA和BFA。总之,不同类型黄腐酸的元素含量、含氧官能团、化学结构特征及化合物组成存在较大差异,其中SFA具有更多的含氮、含氧官能团及化合物组成,分子量较小、芳香性较弱,活性更强,是MFA和BFA的良好替代产品。The structural differences of mineral source fulvic acid(MFA),biochemical source fulvic acid(BFA),and straw source fulvic acid(SFA)were explored,so as to provide a reasonable basis for the application of fulvic acid in agricultural production.Technologies including elemental analyzer(EA),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(13)C-NMR),three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy(3D-EEMs),and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS)were employed to study the elemental composition,functional group types,chemical structure characteristics and compound composition of different types of fulvic acids..The elemental composition showed that the content of O,S,N and H elements in SFA were higher than that in MFA and BFA,and it had higher the ratios of H/C,O/C,N/C and(N+O)/C.UV-Vis and FTIR showed that compared with MFA,BFA and SFA had weaker aromaticity,more oxygen-containing functional groups on the aromatic ring,smaller molecular weight and lower degree of polymerization.^(13)C-NMR showed that the carbon structure of the three types of fulvic acids were dominated by alkoxy carbon and aromatic carbon,while the hydrophobicity index and aromatic condensation degree of SFA were lower than those of MFA and BFA.3D-EEMs showed that the three types of fulvic acids were dominated by oxygen-containing substances with carbonyl,carboxyl,and phenolic structures in terms of composition,among which the carboxyl,carbonyl,and phenolic structures of SFA and BFA accounted for a large proportion,while MFA had more aromatic structures.GC/MS found that MFA,BFA and SFA were composed of 84,93 and 101 compounds,respectively,and the main components were oxygen-containing compounds,accounting for 89.89%,92.80%,and 86.28%,respectively.The content of nitrogen-containing compounds in SFA was higher than that in MFA and BFA..In summary,there were certain differences in elemental content,oxygen-containing functional groups,chemical structure characte

关 键 词：黄腐酸 元素组成 官能团 化学结构 化合物组成 

分 类 号：S141.2[农业科学—肥料学]