一株草酸青霉菌的筛选、鉴定及溶磷效果研究  

Screening,identification and phosphate solubilization effect of a strain of Penicillium oxalicum

作　　者：李艳洁 刘淑贤 戴楚涵 李丽娜 赵雪婕 吴聪葱 李明智 李欲如 韦彦斐 LI Yan-jie;LIU Shu-xian;DAI Chu-han;LI Li-na;ZHAO Xue-jie;WU Cong-cong;LI Ming-zhi;LI Yu-ru;WEI Yan-fei(Zhejiang Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012;Huzhou Ecological Environment Bureau Changxing Branch,Huzhou Zhejiang 313100)

机构地区：[1]浙江省环境科技有限公司,浙江杭州310012 [2]湖州市生态环境局长兴分局,浙江湖州313100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2025年第3期233-240,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C03132);浙江省生态环境科研与推广项目(2023HT0036)。

摘　　要：以土壤中筛选分离的高效溶磷菌株为研究对象,选用难溶性磷源培养基和土壤盆栽开展试验,探究溶磷菌株对难溶磷源的溶解及对土壤有效磷的提升效果,旨在为后续开发专一性高效解磷菌剂提供菌种资源及理论基础。结果表明:在土壤中筛选到的1株高效溶磷菌株NP,在以磷酸钙为磷源的无机磷培养基上可产生明显溶磷圈,经鉴定,菌株为草酸青霉(Penicillium oxalicum);菌株在难溶性磷培养液中,可利用铵态氮和硝态氮为氮源,经30℃培养7 d,可以溶解难溶性磷,提升可溶性磷浓度;菌株在施加至杜鹃花卉盆栽中,20 d可提升土壤有效磷63%,增量316 mg/kg,在废弃盆栽土中,20 d可提升有效磷236%,增量144 mg/kg。综上所述,草酸青霉菌株可溶解难溶性磷,有效提升土壤有效磷。In this study,the high-efficiency phosphate-solubilizing strains screened and isolated from soil were used as the research object,and the insoluble phosphorus source medium and soil pot were selected as the research objects to explore the dissolution of insoluble phosphorus sources by phosphate-solubilizing strains and the improvement effect on soil available phosphorus.The aim was to provide strain resources and theoretical basis for the subsequent development of specific and efficient phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.The results showed that a high-efficiency phosphate-solubilizing strain NP was isolated from soil.In the inorganic phosphorus medium with calcium phosphate as phosphorus source,obvious phosphorus-dissolving ring was produced.The strain was identified as Penicillium oxalicum.The strain was cultured in insoluble phosphorus culture medium with ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen as nitrogen sources at 30℃for 7 days,which could dissolve insoluble phosphorus and increase soluble phosphorus concentration.When the strain was applied to azalea flower pots,it increased soil available phosphorus by 63%and increased by 316 mg/kg in 20 days.In abandoned pot soil,it could increase available phosphorus by 236%and increase by 144 mg/kg in 20 days.In summary,Penicillium oxalicum strains could dissolve insoluble phosphorus and effectively improve soil available phosphorus.

关 键 词：溶磷真菌 草酸青霉 可溶性磷 有效磷 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]