中草药散剂对奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗效果研究  

Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Chinese Herbal Powder on Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows

作　　者：赵蕾[1] 李坤林[1] ZHAO Lei;LI Kunlin(Binhai Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Shandong Province,Binzhou Shandong 256606)

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州畜牧兽医研究院,山东滨州256606

出　　处：《中国乳业》2025年第4期66-71,76,共7页China Dairy

基　　金：山东省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YdZX2023015)。

摘　　要：[目的]评估中草药散剂治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗效果,探索替代抗生素的可行性。[方法]采用随机对照试验,将90头隐性乳房炎奶牛分为试验组(中草药散剂,含黄芪、蒲公英等)、抗生素组(头孢噻呋钠)和对照组(未治疗),每组30头。治疗30 d后,通过体细胞数、产奶量、乳成分(脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖)及临床症状(乳房肿胀、温度、硬结面积)等指标,结合ANOVA、t检验及χ^(2)检验分析效果。[结果]试验组治疗后30 d乳汁体细胞计数下降73.8%(489×10^(3)个/mL→128×10^(3)个/mL),与抗生素组(75.8%)无显著差异(P=0.062),但显著优于对照组(17.4%,P<0.001)。产奶量提升15.8%(24.6→28.5 kg/d),显著高于抗生素组(7.2%)且效果持续更久(停药30 d仍多10.1%,P<0.01)。脂肪(+14.2%)和蛋白质(+14.6%)恢复速度较抗生素组快3~5 d。临床症状改善显著,乳房肿胀消退率73.3%、抗生素组(46.7%,P=0.015),乳房温度恢复时间缩短45.2%(3.2 d vs 5.8 d,P<0.001),乳腺硬结面积缩小82.7%(vs抗生素组57.1%,P=0.018)。[结论]中草药散剂治疗隐性乳房炎的效果与抗生素相当,且在产奶恢复持续性、乳成分改善速度和治疗成本(降低57%)方面更具优势,为畜牧业抗生素减量化提供有效解决方案。[Objective]To evaluate the therapeutic effect of a Chinese herbal powder on subclinical mastitis in dairy cows and explore the feasibility of its use as an alternative to antibiotics.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial was conducted,dividing 90 dairy cows with subclinical mastitis into a treatment group(Chinese herbal powder containing Astragalus membranaceus,Taraxacum officinale,etc.),an antibiotic group(ceftiofur sodium),and a control group(untreated),with 30 cows in each group.After 30 days of treatment,the therapeutic effects were analyzed through indicators such as somatic cell count(SCC)in milk,milk production,milk composition(fat,protein,lactose),and clinical symptoms(breast swelling,temperature,and area of hard lumps)using ANOVA,t-test,and χ^(2)test.[Results]After 30 days of treatment,the SCC in milk of the treatment group decreased by 73.8%(from 489×10^(3)to 128×10^(3)个/mL),which was not significantly different from the antibiotic group(75.8%,P=0.062),but significantly better than the control group(17.4%,P<0.001).Milk production increased by 15.8%(from 24.6 to 28.5 kg/day),significantly higher than the antibiotic group(7.2%),and the effect lasted longer(10.1%higher 30 days after drug withdrawal,P<0.01).The recovery rate of milk fat content(+14.2%)and milk protein content(+14.6%)was 3 to 5 days faster than that of the antibiotic group.Clinical symptoms improved significantly:the rate of breast swelling regression was 73.3%in the treatment group compared to 46.7%in the antibiotic group(P=0.015),the recovery time of temperature was shortened by 45.2%(3.2 days vs 5.8 days,P<0.001),and the area of hard lumps in the udder was reduced by 82.7%(vs 57.1%in the antibiotic group,P=0.018).[Conclusion]The therapeutic effect of the Chinese herbal powder on subclinical mastitis is comparable to that of antibiotics,and it has advantages in the sustainability of milk production recovery,the speed of milk composition improvement,and treatment cost(reduced by 57%),providing an effective solution for reducing antibi

关 键 词：中草药散剂 奶牛隐性乳房炎 抗生素替代 治疗效果 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]