冻融循环对露天煤矿排土场土体水分物理性质的影响  

Influences of freeze-thaw cycles on the physical properties of soil moisture in open-pit coal mine dumping sites

作　　者：熊姝臻 吕刚 XIONG Shuzhen;LU Gang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,123000,Fuxin,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2025年第2期46-54,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目“辽东水源涵养林区煤矿废弃地生态修复关键技术研究”(XLYC2007046)。

摘　　要：为揭示春季解冻期冻融循环对露天煤矿排土场土体水分物理性质的影响机理,选取海州露天煤矿西排土场内不同人工复垦植被类型(榆树林地、火炬树林地、耕地、荒草地)和0~60 cm土层深度土壤为研究对象,利用实验室设备模拟春季解冻期环境温度条件,采用室内环刀渗透实验,测定冻融循环前后排土场土壤密度、含水率、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度等土体水分物理参数,探讨冻融循环对排土场不同复垦植被类型土体水分物理性质的影响。结果表明:冻融循环后不同复垦植被类型及土层深度土壤密度、含水率、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度较冻融作用前均有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中各复垦植被类型0~20 cm土层密度冻融前后呈极显著性差异(P<0.01)。榆树林地、火炬树林地、耕地、荒草地0~60 cm土层平均密度依次增加0.07、0.06、0.06和0.06 g/cm^(3);平均含水率依次减少1.59%、2.40%、1.81%和1.74%;平均非毛管孔隙度依次减少1.44%、1.99%、1.54%和1.45%,而平均毛管孔隙度依次减少3.87%、6.04%、4.44%和4.38%。冻融循环后各复垦植被类型土壤密度整体呈上升趋势,土壤含水率、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度均呈下降变化趋势,且冻融作用对土壤结构具有一定程度不可逆的破坏性。[Background]In order to reveal the mechanism of the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the physical properties of soil in the spoil heap of an open-cut coal mine during the spring thawing period,this study selected the soil in different reclamation vegetation types(Ulmus pumila forestland,Rhus typhina forestland,farmland and waste grassland)and different soil depths(0-20,20-40 and 40-60 cm)in the spoil heap of Haizhou open-cut coal mine in Liaoning as the research object.[Methods]In the standard sample plot,three sampling points were selected respectively,and 80 cm soil profile was excavated at each sampling point.At a depth of 0-60 cm,samples were taken at an interval of 20 cm from the soil layer,and 3 samples were taken from each layer.The samples were frozen at -15℃ for 12 h and then thawed at 12℃.Physical water parameters such as soil bulk density,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity and soil moisture content before and after freeze-thaw were measured by ring knife method and drying method respectively.Through significance analysis,the effects of freeze-thaw cycle on soil moisture physical properties of different reclaimed vegetation types in the dump were discussed.[Results]1)After freezing and thawing,the average soil bulk density of U.pumila forestland,R.typhina forestland,farmland and waste grassland increased by 0.07,0.06,0.06,and 0.06 g/cm3,respectively.The soil bulk density of the 20-40 cm soil layer in the R.typhina forestland and the 40-60 cm soil layer in the waste grassland were significantly different from that before freezing and thawing(P<0.05),and the other soil layers of the reclaimed vegetation types were significantly different from that before freezing and thawing(P<0.01).2)The average soil moisture content of U.pumila forestland,R.typhina forestland,farmland and waste grassland decreased by 1.59%,2.40%,1.81% and 1.74%,respectively,except that the soil moisture content of 20-40 cm soil layer of U.pumila forestland and 0-20 cm soil layer of farmland had a very significant difference

关 键 词：露天煤矿 排土场 复垦植被类型 冻融循环 土体水分物理性质 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]