基于无人机摄影测量的黄土丘陵区梯田稳定性  

Stability of terraced fields in loess hilly areas based on drone photogrammetry

作　　者：袁彤娟 庞国伟[1,2,3] 袁笑甜 刘咏梅 龙永清[1,2] 王雷[1,3] 王春梅 杨勤科[1,2,3] YUAN Tongjuan;PANG Guowei;YUAN Xiaotian;LIU Yongmei;LONG Yongqing;WANG Lei;WANG Chunmei;YANG Qinke(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,710127,Xi'an,China;Key Laboratory of on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,710127,Xi'an,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,710127,Xi'an,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [2]旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业和草原局重点实验室,西安710127 [3]西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,西安710127

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2025年第2期89-102,共14页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“土壤修复决策支持系统研发”(2022YFE011530006)。

摘　　要：黄土高原是世界上水土流失最为严重的地区之一。为有效遏制水土流失,我国在黄土高原开展了长期的、系统性的治理。梯田是最主要的坡面水土保持工程措施,在水土流失防治中发挥重要作用。但在气候变化和极端暴雨频发背景下,梯田坍塌和损毁时有发生,其稳定性评价成为一个亟待研究的问题。利用无人机获取到的高分辨率影像数据,基于田面宽度、田坎高度和地面坡度关系,选择六道沟流域和岔巴沟流域典型样区进行梯田稳定性研究。结果表明:1)修建梯田后,地块田面的坡度、坡长、LS因子均较修建之前呈减小趋势;田坎的坡度呈增加、坡长和LS因子大体呈减小趋势;2)基于田面宽度—坡度关系,六道沟样区的稳定区、稳定不便耕作区和不稳定区面积各占37.86%、0.09%和62.05%,岔巴沟样区分别为68.58%、0.6%和30.81%;3)基于田坎高度-坡度关系,六道沟样区的稳定区、稳定不便耕作区和不稳定区面积各占36.07%、1.06%和62.67%,岔巴沟样区分别为4.32%、4.22%和91.46%。本结果可为优化梯田设计与维护提供依据。[Background]The Loess Plateau in China is one of the regions with the most severe soil erosion in the world.Terraced fields,as an important soil and water conservation engineering measures,play an important role in soil erosion prevention and control.However,under the background of climate change and frequent extreme rainstorm,terrace collapse and damage often occur,its stability evaluation has become an urgent research issue.[Methods]We used high-resolution image data obtained from drones,extract terrain indicators before and after the construction of terraced fields in various areas,and visual interpretation methods to extract terraced field blocks in the sample areas,which was based on the relationship between field width,terraced wall height,and ground slope.The stability of terraced fields was studied in the typical sample areas of Liudaogou and Chabagou watersheds in the loess hilly and gully region.[Results]1)After the construction of terraced fields,the slope gradient,slope length,and LS factor of the land surface showed a decreasing trend compared to that before the construction.The slope of terraced wall showed an increasing trend,while the slope length and LS factor generally showed a decreasing trend.2)Based on the relationship between field width and slope gradient,the stable area,stable but inconvenient to cultivate area,and unstable area in the Liudaogou sample area accounted for 37.86%,0.09%,and 62.05% respectively,while those in the Chabagou sample area accounted for 68.58%,0.6%,and 30.81%,respectively.3)Based on the relationship between the height and slope gradient of the terraced wall,the stable area,stable but inconvenient-to-cultivate area,and unstable area of the Liudaogou sample area each accounted for 36.07%,1.06%,and 62.67%,while the Chabagou sample area accounted for 4.32%,4.22%,and 91.46%,respectively.[Conclusions]The construction of terraced fields may improve the original slope terrain characteristics and be beneficial for soil erosion control.When the original slope is small,the wid

关 键 词：无人机摄影测量 梯田 稳定性 黄土丘陵区 

分 类 号：P684[天文地球—地质学]