沙戈荒地区光伏电站对地表温度的影响——以骏马电站为例  

Impact of photovoltaic power field construction on surface temperature in desert and gobi regions:A case study of Junma Power Field

作　　者：杨宏伟 李泽东 赵京东 刘永青 白建华 杨晓晖[2] YANG Hongwei;LI Zedong;ZHAO Jingdong;LIU Yongqing;BAI Jianhua;YANG Xiaohui(China Huadian Corporation,100031,Beijing,China;Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,100091,Beijing,China;Xinjiang Huadian Tianshan Power Generation Company Limited,839000,Hami,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华电集团有限公司,北京100031 [2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091 [3]新疆华电天山发电有限公司,新疆哈密839000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2025年第2期148-156,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司“沙戈荒新能源大基地防沙治沙与生态修复法规政策及典型案例、产业模式研究”(KY20240066)。

摘　　要：实施“双碳”战略的背景下对清洁能源的需求愈发增长。我国已成为全球最大的光伏生产国和应用市场,但大规模光伏电站建设期间以及建成后都会对所在区域及周围地区的热环境产生特定影响。本研究基于GEE平台和多景Landsat 8影像,利用单窗算法,反演了世界上最大的光伏板图形电站“骏马电站”建设前后地表温度(LST)的变化,结果显示:1)光伏电站建成后,厂区的LST均值显著低于缓冲区,出现明显的“冷岛”效应,降温幅度0.28℃~2.82℃,与缓冲区域外区域相比,降温更明显;2)光伏电站建设之前和建设期间,各缓冲区之间LST差异不大;光伏电站建成后,缓冲区LST显著低于不受光伏电站影响的区域,最高达-3.31℃,且越靠近光伏电站的缓冲区,温差越明显,光伏电站对LST的影响范围主要集中在电站周围200 m内;3)冬季,光伏电站的“冷岛”效应最明显,降温幅度达1.91℃,其次是夏季和秋季,春季的“冷岛”效应最不明显。研究结果对沙戈荒地区光伏电站及其周边地区防沙治沙和人为扰动的生态系统恢复具有一定的理论价值和实践意义。[Background]Under the dual carbon goals framework,the demand for clean energy continues to grow significantly.China has become the world’s largest photovoltaic(PV)production base and application market.However,the construction of large-scale PV power field may exert specific impacts on the thermal environment of both the immediate and surrounding areas.Land surface temperature(LST)serves as a crucial indicator for evaluating PV power fields’environmental impacts.This study therefore focuses on the"Junma Power Field",the world’s largest photovoltaic power field featuring a panel array pattern,to systematically assess LST variations before and after its construction.[Methods]The study is based on the Google Earth Engine platform.Landsat 8 images with cloud cover<5% were acquired for the study area during three periods:before construction(January-June 2017 and 2018),under construction(July-December 2018),and after construction(2019-2023).The obtained images were processed through screening,cloud removal,radiometric and atmospheric correction,clipping,and mosaicking on the platform.LST was then retrieved using the statistical monowindow.Centered on the photovoltaic power fields,buffer zones were created at 100 m intervals to delineate 10 potential impact zones within a 1 km radius around the power field.[Results]1)After the completion of the photovoltaic power field,the average LST within the field was significantly lower than that of the buffer zone,resulting in a distinct"cold island"effect,with a cooling range of 0.28℃-2.82℃.The cooling effect was notably more pronounced compared to areas outside the buffer zone.2)Before and during the construction of the photovoltaic power field,there was little difference in LST between the buffer zones.However,after the field’s completion,the LST within the buffer zone became significantly lower than in areas unaffected by the photovoltaic power field,with a maximum decrease of 0.331°C.The closer the buffer zone was to the photovoltaic field,the more apparent the t

关 键 词：光伏 地表温度 单窗算法 冷岛效应 遥感影像 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]