输卵管纤毛运动在女性不孕相关疾病中作用的研究进展  

Research progress in the role of tubal ciliary movement in female infertility-related disorders

作　　者：何柳青 黄叶芳[1] 徐皓菲 尹晓晓 罗鑫雨 黄诗语 HE Liuqing;HUANG Yefang;XU Haofei;YIN Xiaoxiao;LUO Xinyu;HUANG Shiyu(Department of Gynecology,Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610075,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学附属医院妇科,成都610075

出　　处：《中南大学学报(医学版)》2025年第1期81-90,共10页Journal of Central South University :Medical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82205175);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2022YFS0415)。

摘　　要：输卵管纤毛运动是女性生育重要的运输机制之一,在协助拾取卵细胞、输送受精卵中发挥重要作用。输卵管纤毛运动由多纤毛细胞介导,通过特定蛋白质和激素等调节纤毛数量、长度、极性、运动频率和振幅以维持正常功能。基因突变、炎症刺激和激素变化均能破坏纤毛活性甚至促使纤毛凋亡,导致纤毛运动异常。输卵管纤毛运动障碍常见于原发性纤毛运动障碍、盆腔炎性疾病、多囊卵巢综合征和子宫内膜异位症等女性不孕相关疾病,包括纤毛结构异常、极性破坏、长度缩短、数量减少、摆动频率和振幅降低等病理表现。了解输卵管纤毛运动在女性不孕相关疾病中的研究进展,从免疫组织化学和微观细胞结构层面理解不孕机制,识别女性不孕相关疾病中炎症因子、激素环境,以及基因表达的异常,结合纤毛蛋白质分析和纤毛摆动频率检测的先进技术,有助于为临床不孕相关疾病的早期防治提供新靶点。Tubal ciliary movement is one of the essential transport mechanisms for female fertility,playing a key role in facilitating oocyte pickup and transporting the fertilized ovum.This movement is mediated by multiciliated cells and regulated by specific proteins and hormones that modulate ciliary number,length,polarity,beat frequency,and amplitude to ensure proper function.Genetic mutations,inflammatory stimuli,and hormonal fluctuations can impair ciliary activity or induce ciliary apoptosis,leading to ciliary dysfunction.Disorders of tubal ciliary movement are frequently observed in primary ciliary dyskinesia,pelvic inflammatory disease,polycystic ovary syndrome,and endometriosis,conditions commonly associated with female infertility.These disorders manifest as structural abnormalities of cilia,disrupted polarity,shortened ciliary length,reduced ciliary count,and decreased beat frequency and amplitude.Understanding the role of tubal ciliary movement in female infertility-related diseases,through immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural analysis,helps clarify underlying infertility mechanisms.Identifying abnormal inflammatory factors,hormonal environments,and gene expression,combined with advanced techniques for measuring ciliary protein and beat frequency,may offer novel clinical targets for early prevention and treatment of female infertility.

关 键 词：输卵管纤毛 细胞结构 女性不孕 运动纤毛 纤毛极性 

分 类 号：R711.6[医药卫生—妇产科学]