飞机尾气扩散特性数值分析  

Numerical Analysis of Exhaust Diffusion Characteristics for Civil Aircraft

作　　者：罗定发 李立坤 王博 杨军利[2] 肖毅 LUO Dingfa;LI Likun;WANG Bo;YANG Junli;XIAO Yi(Xinjiang Airport(Group)Co.,Urumqi 830016,China;School of Flight Technology,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Sichuan Guanghan 618307,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆机场(集团)有限责任公司,乌鲁木齐830016 [2]中国民用航空飞行学院飞行技术学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2025年第4期51-58,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2024NSFSC0875);中央高校基本科研业务费(J2023-008)。

摘　　要：目的基于计算流体动力学方法,对飞机发动机排放的尾气扩散特性进行深入分析。方法利用Navier-Stokes方程等流体力学控制方程,设置适当边界条件和初始条件,建立发动机尾气扩散的几何模型。分别分析不同风速和温度条件下飞机尾气的扩散行为,并对尾气中2种主要有害气体组分的扩散行为进行分析。结果数值模拟结果显示了扩散行为的基本特征,尾气在发展的初始阶段主要贴近地面,而在后续阶段由于温度效应逐渐抬升并与空气混合。同时,展示了风速以及温度对尾气抬升行为的影响。结论发动机尾气扩散的行为综合受到壁面效应与温度效应的影响,且环境风速会影响气流的抬升高度。在实验条件下,风速从2 m/s增长至5 m/s,抬升高度减少了约3 m。环境温度对尾气扩散的影响较小。The work aims to have an in-depth analysis on characteristics of the exhaust diffusion from an aircraft engine by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)methods.Fluid dynamics control equations such as Navier-Stokes equations were utilized,and appropriate boundary conditions and initial conditions were set to establish the geometric model of the engine exhaust diffusion.The numerical simulation results of the exhaust under different wind speed conditions were analyzed,and the diffusion behaviors of the two main harmful gas components in the exhaust were also analyzed.The numerical simulation results showed the basic mechanism of diffusion behavior,where the exhaust was mainly close to the ground in the initial stage of development,and gradually lifted up and mixed with the air in the subsequent stages due to the temperature effect,and the effect of wind speed on the lifting behavior of the exhaust was demonstrated.The behavior of the engine exhaust diffusion is affected by a combination of wall and temperature effects,and the ambient wind speed affects the lift height of the jet.Under the experimental conditions,the wind speed increased from 2 m/s to 5 m/s and the lift height decreased by about 3 m.Ambient temperature has less effect on tailpipe dispersion.

关 键 词：计算流体力学 发动机排放 浮力效应 科恩达效应 大气污染 扩散 

分 类 号：V235.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]