304不锈钢搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数的研究  

Research on Process Parameters of Friction Stir Welding for 304 Stainless Steel

作　　者：周林军[1] 文申柳 漆翔[1] 张勇[1] ZHOU Linjun;WEN Shenliu;QI Xiang;ZHANG Yong(Si Chuan Vocational college of chemical technology,Luzhou Sichuan 646300)

机构地区：[1]四川化工职业技术学院,四川泸州646300

出　　处：《化工装备技术》2025年第2期25-28,共4页Chemical Equipment Technology

摘　　要：针对304不锈钢高能束焊接(电子束、等离子和激光等)容易产生热裂纹、气孔和热变形等焊接缺陷的问题,优化5 mm厚304不锈钢板搅拌摩擦对接焊试验的工艺参数,从而获得最大抗拉强度的焊接接头。对焊接接头进行抗拉强度测试,并采用正交分析方法进行分析后可知,当搅拌针旋转速度为425 r/min,焊接速度为60 mm/s,轴肩直径为32 mm时,焊缝抗拉强度达到533 MPa,高于母材的抗拉强度,满足焊接质量要求。对焊接接头金相组织进行分析后可知,经过高速摩擦后,焊核区域产生较高温度,有利于δ铁素体的形成,热影响区奥氏体等轴晶粒较细小,显著提高了焊接接头的抗拉强度。In response to the defects of thermal cracking,porosity,and deformation that are prone to occur in high-energy beam welding(electron beam,plasma,laser)of 304 stainless steel,the process parameters of the 5mm thick plate friction stir butt welding test were optimized to obtain welded joints with higher tensile strength.After conducting tensile strength testing on the welded joint and using orthogonal analysis method,it was found that when the stirring needle speed was 425 r/min,the welding speed was 60 mm/s,and the shoulder diameter was 32 mm,the tensile strength of the joint reached 533 MPa,which was higher than the tensile strength of the base material and met the welding quality requirements.After analyzing the metallographic structure of the welded joint,it can be concluded that after high-speed friction,a higher temperature is generated in the weld nugget area,which is conducive to the formation of delta ferrite.The heat affected austenite equiaxed grains are smaller,significantly improving the tensile strength of the welded joint.

关 键 词：搅拌摩擦焊接 不锈钢 工艺参数 抗拉强度 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]