不同球类项目运动视觉的特点、训练方法及其对运动表现的影响  

Characteristics,Training Methods,and Performance Impacts of Sports Vision in Different Ball Sports

作　　者：张乃钰 闫琪 于涛[1] Zhang Naiyu;Yan Qi;Yu Tao(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2025年第3期55-60,共6页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：在球类运动项目中,运动视觉至关重要。它是运动员获得信息的重要来源,是运动员正确决策、精确执行动作的基础。改善运动视觉功能有助于提高运动员的预判能力,加强决策和反应能力,进而提高整体表现水平。不同运动项目所需的运动视觉功能各有不同,针对不同的需求,运动视觉训练方法也需要相应地区分和选择,以最大程度地提高运动员在特定项目中的表现水平。本文对不同球类项目的运动视觉训练相关研究进行了综述,介绍了运动视觉功能分类、球类项目的运动视觉功能需求和训练方法,分析了运动视觉训练对运动表现的影响,旨在优化球类运动员的训练方案,提高运动员的运动表现。In ball sports,sports vision serves as a critical performance determinant,functioning as the primary sensory channel for information acquisition and the neurocognitive foundation for accurate decision-making and motor execution.Enhancing sports vision functions significantly improves anticipatory skills,decision accuracy,and reactive capabilities,thereby elevating overall athletic performance.Different ball sports demand specific visual skills,requiring tailored training methods to address these unique needs.This study reviews research on sports vision training across various ball sports,discussing the classification of visual functions,sport-specific demands,and effective training approaches.It also analyzes how targeted vision training enhances athletic performance,aiming to optimize training protocols and help athletes excel in their disciplines.

关 键 词：球类运动 运动视觉功能 运动视觉训练 运动表现 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]