不同运动干预方式对孤独症谱系障碍儿童青少年执行功能影响的网状Meta分析  

The Effects of Different Exercise Interventions on Executive Function in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder:A Network Meta-Analysis

作　　者：刘海超 Liu Haichao(College of Football,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院足球运动学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2025年第3期207-212,247,共7页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：目的:系统评价不同运动干预方式对孤独症谱系障碍儿童青少年执行功能的影响,以期为该群体制订精细化的运动干预方案提供循证依据。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普,以及Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、EBSCO、Science Direct、Web of Science等国内外数据库,检索时限从建库至2024年9月,最终筛选13篇文献,累计样本量460例,并采用R 4.3.2软件的Gemtc程序进行网状Meta分析。结果:(1)武术、趣味田径、内养功、迷你篮球运动对抑制控制的干预效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05);(2)迷你篮球运动对工作记忆的干预效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05);(3)迷你篮球运动、趣味田径运动、内养功、VR游戏、运动游戏对认知灵活性的干预效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05);(4)趣味田径运动对抑制控制的影响效果最为显著(SUCRA=0.967);(5)迷你篮球运动对工作记忆的影响最为显著(SUCRA=0.766);(6)运动游戏对认知灵活性的影响起着最为显著的作用(SUCRA=0.861)。结论:不同运动干预方式对孤独症谱系障碍儿童青少年执行功能的各维度影响不同,趣味田径运动可能是改善抑制控制的最佳运动方式,迷你篮球运动可能是提升工作记忆的最佳方式,运动游戏可能是增强认知灵活性的最佳运动方式。OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the impact of different exercise interventions on executive function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),providing an evidence-based foundation for developing tailored exercise programs for this population.METHODS:Databases including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,EBSCO,Science Direct,and Web of Science were searched from inception to September 2024.Thirteen studies(total sample size:460)were included.A network meta-analysis was conducted using the Gemtc package in R 4.3.2.RESULTS:(i)Martial arts,Fun Athletics,Neiyang Gong(internal cultivation exercises),and Mini-basketball significantly improved inhibitory control compared to controls(P<0.05).(ii)Mini-basketball showed superior effects on working memory versus controls(P<0.05).(iii)Mini-basketball,Fun Athletics,Neiyang Gong,VR games,and Exergame significantly enhanced cognitive flexibility(P<0.05).(iv)Fun Athletics ranked highest for improving inhibitory control(SUCRA=0.967).(v)Mini-basketball ranked highest for enhancing working memory(SUCRA=0.766).(vi)Exergame exhibited the strongest effect on cognitive flexibility(SUCRA=0.861).CONCLUSIONS:Different exercise interventions variably impact dimensions of executive function in children and adolescents with ASD.Fun Athletics may be optimal for inhibitory control,Mini-basketball for working memory,and Exergame for cognitive flexibility.

关 键 词：运动干预 孤独症谱系障碍 儿童青少年 执行功能 网状Meta分析 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]