优化施肥方法对沃柑果实品质和产量的影响  

Effect of Optimized Fertilization Methods on Fruit Quality and Yield of Mandarin Orange

作　　者：普金安 李跃琼 白华飞 张翠英 张君艳 晏文秀 杨琳琳 PU Jinan;LI Yueqiong;BAI Huafei;ZHANG Cuiying;ZHANG Junyan;YAN Wenxiu;YANG Linlin(Xinping County Planting Industry Development Service Center,Xinping 653499,China;Yunnan Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Kunming 650106,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]新平县种植业发展服务中心,云南新平653499 [2]云南省农业技术推广总站,云南昆明650106 [3]云南农业大学机电工程学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《乡村科技》2025年第7期92-96,共5页Rural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为促进云南省新平县沃柑种植业发展,以当地漠沙镇3 a树龄的沃柑为试验对象,对其不同生育时期的施肥方法进行优化。试验结果表明,与常规施肥方法相比,优化施肥方案促使沃柑的株高、树径、树冠幅、梢长等4个农艺性状分别增加了3.8%、3.1%、3.2%和17.4%;在果实品质方面,平均单果质量增加幅度达7.0%,果皮厚度、可滴定酸含量分别下降18.5%和31.6%;在单株产量方面,优化施肥方案对好、中、差等3个树势分组的提升幅度均超过30%,平均每667 m2增产幅度达到34.1%。采用优化施肥方案,在树势、果实品质和产量等方面都具有良好的提升表现。In this paper,mandarin orange in Xinping County was selected as the experimental object,and the scientific ratio method was used to optimize the fertilization dosage of citrus in different periods.The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization method,the optimized fertilization scheme increased plant height,tree diameter,crown width,and shoot length by 3.8%,3.1%,3.2%,and 17.4%,respectively.In terms of fruit quality,the average fruit weight increased by 7.0%,while the peel thickness and soluble acid content decreased by 18.5%and 31.6%,respectively.In terms of yield per plant,the yield of the three tree vigor groups(good,medium,and poor)increased by more than 30%,and the average yield per mu increased by 34.1%.The optimized fertilization program showed good improvement performance in terms of tree strength,quality and yield.

关 键 词：沃柑 肥料配比 施肥技术 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]