基于加速多蚁群算法的三峡水电站短期优化调度  

Short-term optimal operation of Three Gorges Hydropower Station based on accelerated multiple ant colony algorithm

作　　者：杨柳 杨侃[2] 杨哲 YANG Liu;YANG Kan;YANG Zhe(Zhejiang Province Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology Consultation,Hangzhou 310000,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利水电技术咨询中心,浙江杭州310000 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [3]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《人民长江》2025年第4期33-40,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52109034)。

摘　　要：在三峡水电站短期优化调度中,提出一种全面提升算法搜索寻优能力的加速多蚁群算法(AMACA)模型:通过增加蚁群规模,将多蚁群分别安排到各机组,分工协作,形成时空耦合的二维搜索矩阵;采用加速搜索策略,加快逐代蚁群搜索开始时间,实现信息素的分区反馈调节,加强全局寻优能力;采用邻域搜索策略,通过最优解的小范围振荡,进一步提升水电站开停机和调度策略的可靠性;通过提前生成并嵌套稳定最优表,实现总负荷在机组间的优化分配。运行结果表明:相较于遗传算法、基本蚁群算法和扩展蚁群算法,改进的AMACA算法在运行水头为77.00,86.00 m和102.00 m三种条件下三峡水电站短期优化调度中,均可获得更好的电站调度运行策略,发电耗水量优化效果较为显著。各台机组负荷均在稳定运行区,可有效保障机组避开空蚀振动区运行,提升三峡水电站机组运行稳定性和短期优化调度方案的稳健性。To solve short-term optimal operation problem of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station,an improved ant colony algorithm with enhanced optimization capability called accelerated multiple ant colony algorithm(AMACA)was proposed.And an overall temporal and spatial search matrix was built by increasing the number of ant colony and dispatching every ant to every unit to work in a way of labor division and collaboration.Accelerated searching strategy was used to accelerate the starting time of searching processes of ant colonies generation by generation.Accelerated searching strategy realizes the partition of pheromone feedback intensity and improves global search capability of the algorithm.Local search strategy was used to realize small-scale optimization and to further improve the reliability of start-up and shutdown strategies and dispatching schemes for hydropower stations.Optimal distribution table was created ahead and called in main program to optimize the distribution of total load among units.The running results of AMACA in the Three Gorges Hydropower Station indicate that:fewer water consumption and better operation strategy were obtained using AMACA compared with GA,BACA and EACA under 77.00,86.00 m and 102.00 m water head.At the same time,loads of all units are in there stable operation regions using AMACA,which can avoid cavitation vibration,improve the stability of unit operation and improve the robustness of short-term optimal dispatching scheme.

关 键 词：短期优化调度 机组组合 加速多蚁群算法 正反馈强度调节 稳定最优表 三峡水电站 

分 类 号：TV737[水利工程—水利水电工程]