老化对DNAN基熔铸炸药撞击安全性影响研究  

Research on effects of aging on the impact safety of DNAN-based melt-cast explosive

作　　者：马腾 杨年 罗一民 过光飞 吴三震 夏语 徐森[1,3] 刘大斌 Ma Teng;Yang Nian;Luo Yimin;Guo Guangfei;Wu Sanzhen;Xia Yu;Xu Sen;Liu Dabin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College,Shaoxing 312099,China;China National Quality Supervision Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]浙江工业职业技术学院机电工程学院,浙江绍兴312099 [3]国家民用爆破器材质量检验检测中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《南京理工大学学报》2025年第2期250-256,共7页Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

基　　金：装发预研项目(XXXX0302)。

摘　　要：为探究老化对2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)基熔铸炸药的撞击安全性的影响,开展了71℃恒温加速老化试验研究。采用了撞击感度仪、摩擦感度仪、扫描电镜、苏珊试验,分析了该DNAN基熔铸炸药的机械感度、表面情况和苏珊感度。结果表明,炸药的机械感度随着老化时间的增加而明显升高,特性落高值(H 50)降低了11.7 cm,爆炸概率(P)升高16%。通过扫描电镜观察,炸药内部裂缝或空隙是导致感度升高的主要原因。在苏珊试验中,老化后样品的反应阈值速度高于老化前,分别为195 m·s^(-1)和174 m·s^(-1)。试验结果证明,老化后样品相对爆轰性能降低,最大相对释放率降低,仅为27.1%,这是老化加剧了冲击后炸药内部失效的结果。In order to investigate the effects of aging on the impact safety of 2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)-based melt-cast explosive,experimental study on accelerated aging at 71℃was carried out.The mechanical sensitivity,superficial situation and sensitivity of Susan test of DNAN-based melt-cast explosive were analyzed by impact sensitivity machine,friction sensitivity machine,scanning electron microscope and Susan test.The results show that the mechanical sensitivity of explosive increases significantly with the increase of aging time,the characteristic drop height(H 50)decreases by 11.7 cm,and the explosion probability(P)increases by 16%.Observation by scanning electron microscope shows that the cracks or voids inside the explosive are the main reason for the increase in mechanical sensitivity.In the Susan test,the reaction threshold velocity of samples after aging are higher than that before aging,which are 195 m·s^(-1) and 174 m·s^(-1).The test results show that the relative detonation performance of the aged samples is reduced,with the maximum relative release rate decreasing to only 27.1%,which is the result of internal failure of the post-impact explosive exacerbated by ageing.

关 键 词：老化 2 4-二硝基苯甲醚 机械感度 苏珊试验 相对释放率 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]