五唑肼晶体的球形化制备与表征  

Preparation and characterization of spheroidization of N_(2)H_(5)N_(5) crystals

作　　者：严石 陈祥[1] 金智宇 胡炳成[1] 章冲[1] Yan Shi;Chen Xiang;Jin Zhiyu;Hu Bingcheng;Zhang Chong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《南京理工大学学报》2025年第2期257-264,共8页Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22375097)。

摘　　要：为了提高五唑肼(N_(2)H_(5)N_(5))的堆积密度及在使用过程中的安全性,开展了五唑肼晶体的球形化研究,探究溶剂非溶剂法中温度、溶液滴加速度、溶剂和非溶剂体积比以及搅拌速度对五唑肼堆积密度的影响。同时,对最终产物进行了扫描电镜(SEM)观察、粒径分析、热重分析以及感度测试等表征实验。研究结果表明,在温度25℃、滴加速度8 mL/min、甲醇与1,4-二氧六环体积比1∶7、搅拌速度400 r/min、以0.1%β-环糊精作为添加剂的条件下,制备得到的五唑肼堆积密度最高,为1.2217 g/cm^(3),其形貌为类球形,平均粒径为36.133μm。球形五唑肼的热分解温度为103.64℃,用BAM标准方法测试其撞击感度为8 J,摩擦感度为54 N。In order to improve the bulk density of N_(2)H_(5)N_(5) and its safety,the spheroidization of N_(2)H_(5)N_(5) crystals is studied.The effects of temperature,solution dropping speed,solvent-non-solvent volume ratio and stirring speed on the bulk density of N_(2)H_(5)N_(5) are investigated.At the same time,characterization experiments such as scanning electron microscope(SEM),particle size analysis,thermogravimetric analysis and sensitivity test are carried out on the final product.The research results show that the optimum process conditions are as follows:the solution temperature is 25℃;the dropping speed is 8 mL/min;the volume ratio of methanol to 1,4-dioxane is 1∶7;the stirring speed is 400 r/min;the additive is 0.1% β-cyclodextrin.Under these conditions,the highest bulk density is 1.2217 g/cm^(3);the morphology is spheroid;the average particle size is 36.133μm.The thermal decomposition temperature of spherical N_(2)H_(5)N_(5) is 103.64℃,and its impact sensitivity is 8 J and friction sensitivity is 54 N tested using the BAM standard method.

关 键 词：溶剂非溶剂法 五唑肼 球形化 堆积密度 性能表征 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]