非贵金属催化剂在质子交换膜燃料电池氧还原中的研究进展  

Research Progress in Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

作　　者：张晓彤 孙荣峰 张兴宇 耿文广 黄继凯 孙梓祥 Zhang Xiaotong;Sun Rongfeng;Zhang Xingyu;Geng Wenguang;Huang Jikai;Sun Zixiang(Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan,250014)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),济南250014

出　　处：《化学通报(中英文)》2025年第4期385-391,共7页Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB4001802-02);山东省高等学校青年创新团队项目(2022KJ132);科技型中小企业创新能力提升项目(2022TSGC1222)资助。

摘　　要：在质子交换膜燃料电池中,贵金属铂凭借其出色的催化活性在氧还原反应体系中占据关键地位,但其成本高昂,严重阻碍了燃料电池的大规模量产。非贵金属催化剂具备成本低廉、资源丰富以及稳定性较高等优势,成为极具潜力的替代材料。本文基于近年来碳基、金属氧化物以及钙钛矿型结构催化剂的研究进展,分析了催化剂的组成、合成方法和结构设计等对催化性能的影响,包括各催化剂在氧还原反应中的作用机制、优势以及不足等,并指出非贵金属催化剂未来的发展方向,为后续非贵金属催化剂的开发和应用提供参考。In proton exchange membrane fuel cells,the precious metal platinum occupies a key position in the oxygen reduction reaction system due to its excellent catalytic activity,but its high cost seriously hinders the largescale mass production of fuel cells.Non-precious metal catalysts have the advantages of low cost,abundant resources and high stability,and have great potential as alternative materials.Based on the research progress of carbon-based,metal oxide and perovskite catalysts in recent years,this paper analyzes the effects of catalyst composition,synthesis method and structure design on the catalytic performance,including the mechanism,advantages and disadvantages of each catalyst in oxygen reduction reaction,and points out the future development direction of non-precious metal catalysts,which provides a reference for the subsequent development and application of non-precious metal catalysts.

关 键 词：燃料电池 氧还原反应 非贵金属催化剂 碳基催化剂 金属氧化物催化剂 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]