联合国大会第2758号决议与一个中国原则的法理关系  

The Juridical Relationship between United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 and the One China Principle

作　　者：段磊[1,2] DUAN Lei(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学两岸及港澳法制研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2025年第2期23-39,共17页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“‘法理台独’批判研究”(23FZZB009)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美西方提出的“2758号决议不涉台”“2758号决议与一个中国原则无关”等挑战2758号决议的论述的逻辑体现为:以“台湾地位未定”为真正逻辑前提,以“台湾主权地位需联合国决定”为“法律前提”,以“2758号决议字面上未提及台湾”为“事实依据”,最终得出“中国不享有对台湾的主权和代表权”的推论。通过历史回溯可知,联合国本就无权决定中国台湾地区主权归属,而应以接受一个中国原则为其唯一正确立场。回溯至2758号决议通过时,在当时的语境下,参与讨论的联合国会员国均了解“世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国的一部分”是2758号决议的前提和基础,而对各有关提案的表决过程亦证明体现“两个中国”或“一中一台”的提案天然与2758号决议相抵触。通过考察决议适用可知,联合国曾在否决极个别国家提出审查和废除2758号决议动议、拒绝接受台湾地区以任何形式加入联合国、拒绝接收台湾地区当局提交联合国的条约“批准书”、回复有关持“台湾护照”者不得获得联合国通行证等个案中多次适用体现的“台湾是中国的一部分”这一法理内涵的2758号决议。因此,2758号决议构成完整意义上的一个中国原则的国际法载体,任何认为决议“不涉台”或“与一个中国原则无关”的论述均是基于政治目的的曲解。The logic of the arguments put forward by the United States and Western countries that challenge Resolution 2758,such as“Resolution 2758 has nothing to do with Taiwan”and“Resolution 2758 has no relation to the One China Principle”,is as follows:Taking the“undetermined status of Taiwan”as the real logical premise,regarding the“requirement that the United Nations should decide the sovereign status of Taiwan”as the“legal premise”,and using the fact that“Resolution 2758 does not literally mention Taiwan”as the“factual basis”,they finally draw the inference that“China does not enjoy sovereignty and the right of representation over Taiwan”.Through historical retrospection,it is known that the United Nations has no right to determine the sovereignty of Taiwan region of China in the first place,and accepting the One China Principle should be its only correct stance.Looking back to the time when Resolution 2758 was adopted,in the context at that time,all the member states of the United Nations participating in the discussion were aware that“there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is an inalienable part of China”was the prerequisite and foundation of Resolution 2758.Moreover,the voting process on the relevant proposals also proves that the proposals embodying the concepts of“two Chinas”or“one China,one Taiwan”are naturally in conflict with Resolution 2758.Through an examination of the application of the resolution,it can be seen that the United Nations has applied Resolution 2758,which embodies the legal connotation that“Taiwan is an inalienable part of China”,on many occasions in individual cases,such as vetoing the motions proposed by a very small number of countries to review and revoke Resolution 2758,refusing to accept Taiwan's region accession to the United Nations in any form,rejecting the“instrument of ratification”of treaties submitted by the Taiwan region authorities to the United Nations,and replying that those holding“Taiwan passports”are not eligi

关 键 词：联合国大会第2758号决议 一个中国原则 台湾法律地位 

分 类 号：D823[政治法律—政治学]