花后高温对玉米叶片光合特性、差异表达基因及关键通路的影响  

Effects of Post-anthesis High Temperature on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Differentially Expressed Genes and Key Pathways in Maize Leaves

作　　者：陈志英 胡健 韩梦琳 李文阳 CHEN Zhi-ying;HU Jian;HAN Meng-lin;LI Wen-yang(College of Agronomy,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Shitai County,Shitai 245100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]石台县农业农村局,安徽石台245100

出　　处：《玉米科学》2025年第4期56-64,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31501271);安徽高校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2020ZD010);安徽省成果转化项目(2022ZH015)。

摘　　要：以郑单958、安科985和隆平206为材料,分别于花后进行持续35 d高温处理,测定穗位叶光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数、子粒产量及转录组测序,探讨花后高温胁迫对玉米光合特性、差异表达基因变化及产量要素的影响。结果表明,花后高温胁迫会降低玉米产量、穗位叶净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(qP),升高非光化学猝灭系数(qN)和秃尖长度。与常温对照相比,玉米花后叶片受热胁迫后,3个品种两个处理累计获得4 281个差异表达基因。花后高温胁迫对玉米的光合作用、细胞代谢、质体膜有显著影响,不利于碳水化合物的贮存、转运和形成,最终导致玉米产量显著降低。This study investigates the effects of post-anther high temperature stress on the photosynthetic char⁃acteristics,differential expression gene changes,and yield factors of maize.Using Zhengdan58,Anke985 and Long⁃ping206 as materials,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,grain yield and transcriptome se⁃quencing of ear position leaves were determined after 35 days of high temperature treatment.The results showed that high temperature stress decreased maize yield,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(E),maximum pho⁃tochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),photoquantum yield(ΦPSⅡ),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP),increased nonphotochemical quenching coefficient(qN)and alopecia length.Compared with normal temperature control,4281 dif⁃ferentially expressed genes were obtained from two treatments three varieties after thermal stress.Post-anthesis high temperature stress had significant effects on the photosynthesis,cell metabolism and plastid membrane of maize,which was not conducive to the storage,transport and formation of carbohydrates.

关 键 词：玉米 花后高温 光合特性 转录组分析 产量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]