尿素硝铵溶液对西辽河平原密植滴灌水肥一体化春玉米产量和氮肥生产效率的影响  

Effect of Urea Ammonium Nitrate on Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency of Spring Maize with Dense Drip Irrigation and Water-Fertilizer Integration in the West Liaohe Plain

作　　者：富家乐 沈东萍 方梁 周林立 杨宏业 张国强[2] 王克如[2] 明博[2] 于静辉 孙磊 矫丽娜 李少昆 FU Jia-le;SHEN Dong-ping;FANG Liang;ZHOU Lin-li;YANG Hong-ye;ZHANG Guo-qiang;WANG Ke-ru;MING Bo;YU Jing-hui;SUN Lei;JIAO Li-na;LI Shao-kun(Agronomy College,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding,Beijing 100081;Tongliao Agro-technical Extension Center,Tongliao 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室/作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室,北京100081 [3]通辽市农业技术推广中心,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2025年第4期90-98,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项项目(M2142005、M2242004);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项项目(S2023QH22);通辽市科技计划项目(TL2023YF006)。

摘　　要：为实现西辽河平原玉米高产稳产和养分的高效利用,研究尿素硝铵溶液(UAN)对滴灌水肥一体化密植(9.0×104株/hm~2)玉米群体产量、氮肥利用效率和经济效益的影响。2020-2023年在西辽河平原补充灌溉区开展研究,试验在黏壤土和沙土进行,设置常规尿素追肥(CK)、UAN追肥350 kg/hm~2(F3)、250 kg/hm~2(F2)、150 kg/hm~2(F1)以及不施氮肥(F0)5个处理。结果表明,分次追施UAN 250 kg/hm~2,产量达14.09~17.92 t/hm~2,氮肥农学利用率达37.06~45.67 kg/kg,平均净收益达15 295.5元/hm~2。相比CK处理,玉米的产量、氮肥农学利用率和经济效益平均分别提高5.30%~9.88%、107.31%~131.23%和16.31%~38.86%。结果表明,分次追施UAN 223.72~268.74 kg/hm~2可在西辽河平原区域获得较高的产量,同时显著减少氮肥投入,提高氮肥利用率和经济效益。A study was conducted to investigate the effects of urea ammonium nitrate solution(UAN)on maize yield,nitrogen use efficiency,and economic benefits with integrated drip irrigation(9.0×104 plants/ha)in the West Liaohe Plain from 2020 to 2023.The experiment was carried out in clay loam and sandy soil with five treatments by conventional urea topdressing(CK),UAN topdressing at 350 kg/ha(F3),250 kg/ha(F2),150 kg/ha(F1),and no nitro⁃gen fertilizer(F0).The results showed that F2 treatment,the yield ranged from 14.09 to 17.92 t/ha,the nitrogen fertil⁃izer utilization rate was 37.06-45.67 kg/kg,and the average net benefit was 15295.5 yuan/ha.Compared with CK,maize yield,nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate,and economic benefits increased by 5.30%-9.88%,107.31%-131.23%,and 16.31%-38.86%,respectively.It was concluded that applying UAN at 223.72-268.74 kg/ha can achieve higher yield,reduce nitrogen input,improve nitrogen utilization and economic benefits.

关 键 词：玉米 密植高产 水肥一体化 UAN 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]