共同富裕目标下收入不平等与消费扩容及结构优化——基于CFPS微观数据与QUAIDS模型分析  

Income Inequality,Consumption Expansion,and Structure Optimization Under the Goal of Common Prosperity:An Analysis Based on CFPS Micro-data and QUAIDS Model

作　　者：金春雨[1,2] 孙玉娇[2] JIN Chunyu;SUN Yujiao

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数量经济研究中心,长春130012 [2]吉林大学商学与管理学院,长春130012

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2025年第4期41-54,共14页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“经济下行压力下的稳增长防滞胀研究”(22AJL016),项目负责人:金春雨。

摘　　要：当前我国消费率偏低,内需动力明显不足。为实现共同富裕目标下改善收入分配以促进消费扩容与消费结构优化。本文基于2012—2020年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,构建QUAIDS模型,探究收入不平等对家庭消费总量及消费结构的影响,从微观层面深入分析收入不平等对异质性家庭消费结构的影响差异。研究发现,收入不平等会抑制消费;在消费结构方面,收入不平等会抑制食品、交通通信、医疗保健消费,促进衣着、居住、家庭设备及用品、教育文化、杂项消费;异质性分析结果表明,东、西部地区家庭更加重视教育投资,而中部地区家庭缺乏教育追赶意识,低财富家庭出于更多地储蓄和投资以提高家庭财富地位的目的,同样也缺乏教育追赶意识,收入不平等加剧时,不同受教育程度家庭均会增加教育投资支出,以提高未来社会地位。研究结论为促进消费水平上升与消费结构升级,在高质量发展中促进共同富裕提供经验参考。Currently, China experiences a relatively low consumption rate, and the driving force of domestic demand is insufficient.To improve income distribution and promote consumption expansion and consumption-structure optimization under the goal of common prosperity, the research constructs a QUAIDS model using CFPS micro data to explore the impact of income inequality on household consumption volume and consumption structure.It conducts an in-depth analysis of the effects of income inequality on the consumption structure of heterogeneous households from the micro level.The research finds that income inequality can suppress consumption.In terms of consumption structure, income inequality will suppress consumption in food, transportation and communication, and healthcare, while promoting consumption in clothing, housing, household equipment and supplies, education and culture, and miscellaneous items.The results of heterogeneity analysis indicate that families in the eastern and western regions attach more importance to education investment, while families in the central region lack the awareness of educational catch-up.Low-wealth families, aiming to save and invest more to improve their family wealth status, also lack the awareness of educational catch-up.When income inequality intensifies, families with different levels of education will increase their education investment expenditure to improve their future social status.The research conclusions provide an empirical reference for promoting the increase in consumption level and the upgrading of consumption structure and facilitating common prosperity in high-quality development.

关 键 词：共同富裕 收入不平等 消费结构 QUAIDS模型 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济] F126.1