基于残余应力测试与仿真的电站锅炉包墙过热器开裂分析  

Cracking Analysis of Wall Wrapped Superheater in Thermal Power Plant Based on Residual Stress Measurement and Simulation

作　　者：朱玉策 崔益民 董旭光 黄炜强 王贤明 赵宁宁 间川阳 楼玉民 ZHU Yuce;CUI Yimin;DONG Xuguang;HUANG Weiqiang;WANG Xianming;ZHAO Ningning;LU Chuanyang;LOU Yumin(ZhejiangZheneng Zhongmei Zhoushan Coal&Electricity Co.,Ltd.,Zhoushan 316135,China;Zhejiang Energy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310026,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Thermal Power Generation Energy Efficiency and Pollutant Control Technology,Hangzhou 310026,China;Institute of Process Equipment and Control Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江浙能中煤舟山煤电有限责任公司,浙江舟山316135 [2]浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310026 [3]浙江省火力发电高效节能与污染物控制技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310026 [4]浙江工业大学化工机械设计研究所,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《锅炉技术》2025年第2期66-70,共5页Boiler Technology

基　　金：浙能集团科技项目(ZNKJ-2022-010)。

摘　　要：大型电站锅炉包墙过热器泄漏事件为机组的安全稳定运行埋下了隐患,分析包墙过热器鳍片开裂原因对鳍片结构、选材及尺寸优化具有重要的意义。利用X射线残余应力设备测试分析了某660MW锅炉包墙过热器拼接区域的残余应力,结合有限元模拟技术分析了包墙过热器拼接焊缝拉裂的原因,结果表明:鳍片中心受压应力,最大值约为一240MPa;两侧受拉应力,最大值约为430MPa。鳍片焊缝处存在较高的应力集中是鳍片焊缝拉裂的主要原因。利用有限元分析对包墙过热器模型进行建模,模拟结果表明:包墙过热器水平烟道和尾部烟道壁温之间的温度差产生的热应力使得鳍片焊缝产生应力集中,导致包墙过热器鳍片开裂。残余应力实测值与有限元模拟计算值具有较好的一致性。The leakage of the wall wrapped superheater has posed a hidden danger to the safe and stable operation of thermal power plant,and the failure analysis of the fin in the wall wrapped superheater is helpful to optimise the structure of the wall wrapped superheater.In the present paper,the residual stress of joint weld was tested by using X-ray diffraction,combining with finite element simulation,the reasons for the cracking of wall wrapped superheater were analysed,and the results show that the joint fins are subjected to compressive stress with a maximum value of approximately-240 MPa,while both side are subjected to tensile stress,with a maximum of around 430 MPa,and the local high stress concentration in the fin weld is the main reason for the cracking of the fins.The finite element method was used to simulate the stress distribution during the operation of thermal power plant,and the simulation results show that the thermal stresses caused by the temperature difference between the horizontal flue and tail flue of the thermal power plant resulted in local high stresses at the fin welds,which led to the cracking of wall wrapped superheater.The measured residual stresses are in good agreement with the calculated values from the finite element simulation.

关 键 词：包墙过热器 残余应力 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TK223.3[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]