基于LBS定位技术的山洪灾害监测预警系统设计与应用  

Design and application of mountain flood disaster monitoring and early warning system based on LBS positioning technology

作　　者：刘春[1] 商笑妍 杨继伟 LIU Chun;SHANG Xiaoyan;YANG Jiwei

机构地区：[1]安徽省机电排灌总站,合肥230022 [2]安徽省(水利部淮河水利委员会)水利科学研究院(安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站),合肥233000

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第8期33-38,共6页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“山洪灾害风险防控区划与全过程监测防范关键技术”(2023YFC3006700)。

摘　　要：山洪灾害突发性强、破坏力大、预警难度大、致灾机制复杂,山洪灾害预警一直是重点难点问题。针对传统预警系统在预警精度不足、覆盖范围有限及处置流程管理缺位等方面的短板,提出了一种采用基于位置服务(Location-Based Service,LBS)定位技术的多阶段递进式山洪灾害监测预警系统。系统采用B/S架构,构建数据层、服务层、业务层与应用层的四层协同框架,集成流域内雨水情监测数据和气象预报信息,构建“气象先导预警—短临动态预警—实时定向预警”三阶段递进式预警系统,同时基于LBS定位与基站数据分析,应用无固定对象靶向预警技术实现了小流域内预警对象全面精准覆盖,有效解决了传统模式覆盖不足、定位不准等问题。系统建成以来,在灾害监测、预警发布等方面发挥了积极作用,特别是在台风“杜苏芮”引发强降雨期间及时准确定向预警相关区域,及时转移受影响群众,发挥了重要作用。Mountain flood disasters have features of unpredictable and catastrophic,with difficulties for early warning and complexity in hazard mechanism,resulting challenges for early warning.To address the limitations of traditional warning systems,such as low accuracy,limited coverage and inadequate process management,we developed a multi-stage progressive mountain flood monitoring and early warning system based on LBS(Location-Based Service)positioning technology.The system adopts a B/S architecture to create a four-layer collaborative framework(data-service-business-application).Data of precipitation and hydrological monitoring and meteorological forecasts are integrated to create a three-stage progressive warning mechanism of“meteorological pre-warning,short-term dynamic warning and real-time targeted warning”.Moreover,the system employs dynamic target warning technology and LBS positioning and cellular data analysis,to achieve complete and precise coverage of warning objects in small watersheds.The problems with traditional models are overcomed.Since the operation of the system,it has played an active role in disaster monitoring and warning dissemination.In particularly during the heavy rainfall triggered by Typhoon Doksuri,the system provided timely and accurate targeted warnings to the affected areas for evacuation.

关 键 词：山洪灾害 监测预警 闭环管理 靶向预警 

分 类 号：TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程] TN92[电子电信—通信与信息系统]