海洋礁石破碎作业用凿岩棒锤头的失效原因  

Failure Cause of Rock Drill Bar Hammer for Marine Reef Crushing Operation

作　　者：徐霖绿 郑志斌 陈容钦 唐伟 徐志彪 刘天龙 XU Linlü;ZHENG Zhibin;CHEN Rongqin;TANG Wei;XU Zhibiao;LIU Tianlong(School of Rail Transportation,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529000,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application,National Engineering Research Center of Powder Metallurgy of Titanium and Rare Metals,Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Jiangxi Lianfeng Investment Casting Co.,Ltd.,Yichun 336300,China;CCCC Guangzhou Dredging Co.,Ltd.,Guanghang Dredging Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510290,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学轨道交通学院,江门529000 [2]广东省科学院新材料研究所,国家钛及稀有金属粉末冶金工程技术研究中心,广东省金属强韧化技术与应用重点实验室,广州510650 [3]江西联峰熔模铸造有限公司,宜春336300 [4]中交广州航道局有限公司,中交广航疏浚有限公司,广州510290

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2025年第4期114-121,共8页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3701204);第八届中国科协青年人才托举工程(2022QNRC001);广东省学科类重点实验室评估专项项目(2023B1212060043);广东省科学院发展专项资金资助项目(2022GDASZH-2022010103);江西省“双千计划”项目(S2020CXTD0356);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB24010120)。

摘　　要：某服役于南海疏浚破岩项目挖泥船上的凿岩棒锤头在作业约20 h后磨损至接近安全服役尺寸,通过宏微观形貌观察、化学成分分析、显微组织观察,以及硬度、拉伸及冲击性能测试等方法分析了凿岩棒锤头的失效原因。结果表明:凿岩棒锤头发生了明显的加工硬化和腐蚀磨损,损伤表面主要出现锈蚀、切削犁沟、疲劳剥落坑;成分控制与铸造工艺流程设计不当导致的组织不均匀、碳化物析出、氧化物夹杂以及恶劣工况下冲击、磨损与腐蚀的交互作用是凿岩棒锤头失效的主要原因。The rock drill bar hammer on a dredger serving in a dredging and rock breaking project in the South China Sea was worn to the safe service size after 20 h operation.The failure cause of the rock drill bar hammer was analyzed by macro and micro morphology observation,chemical composition analysis,microstructure observation,and hardness,tensile and impact performance testing.The results show that the rock drill bar hammer had obvious work hardening and corrosive wear,and the damaged surface mainly showed rusts,cutting furrows and fatigue spalling pits.The main cause for the rock drill bar hammer failure was the uneven structure,carbide precipitation,oxide inclusion caused by improper composition control and casting process design,as well as by the interaction of impact,wear and corrosion.

关 键 词：凿岩棒锤头 高锰钢 失效分析 加工硬化 腐蚀磨损 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]