外泌体miRNA与心血管疾病  

Exosomal microRNA and cardiovascular disease

作　　者：刘方玥儿 杨杰 蒋建利 边惠洁 南刚 LIU Fangyueer;YANG Jie;JIANG Jianli;BIAN Huijie;NAN Gang(No.1 Cadet Regiment,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China;National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine,Department of Cell Biology,School of Basic Medicine,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学基础医学院学员一大队,西安710032 [2]空军军医大学国家分子医学转化中心,基础医学院细胞生物学教研室,西安710032

出　　处：《生命的化学》2025年第4期598-607,共10页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82372787);陕西省自然科学基金重点研发计划(2023-YBSF-174)。

摘　　要：心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVD)是循环系统疾病,主要表现为心脏或血管功能异常。CVD的病因多样,包括血流动力学改变、基因突变、全身性疾病导致心脏损伤等,其发病机制与治疗方式仍需探究。外泌体是具有内吞起源的异质性的纳米级膜囊泡,可以携带各种“货物”,如蛋白质、微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)等。这些物质可以反映外泌体的细胞来源,并且可以实现细胞间信息交流从而改变靶向细胞的表型。源自不同细胞的外泌体miRNA参与CVD的发生发展,并产生不同的生物学效应。本文从外泌体miRNA参与CVD的发病机制出发,梳理了不同细胞来源的外泌体miRNA在CVD中的潜在作用及研究进展。Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)are diseases of the circulatory system,primarily manifested as abnormalities in heart or vascular function.The causes of CVD are diverse,including changes in hemodynamics,gene mutations,and heart damage caused by systemic diseases.The pathogenesis and treatment methods of CVD still need to be explored.Exosomes are heterogenous nanoscale membrane vesicles with endocytic origin that can carry various“cargos”,such as proteins,microRNA(miRNA),etc.These substances can reflect the cellular origin of exosomes and facilitate intercellular communication,thereby altering the phenotype of target cells.Exosomal miRNAs derived from different cells are involved in the occurrence and development of CVD and can produce different biological effects.This paper starts from the pathogenic mechanism of exosomal miRNAs in CVD,and summarizes the potential roles and research progress of exosomal miRNAs from different cell sources in CVD.

关 键 词：外泌体 心血管疾病 微小RNA 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]