不同化学药剂对木棉的抑絮效果分析  

Analysis of flying-catkin inhibition effect of different chemicals on Bombax ceiba

作　　者：胡双玲 林弓天 陈哲泓 尹秦婠 陈清西[1] 袁媛[1] Hu Shuangling;Lin Gongtian;Chen Zhehong;Yin Qinwan;Chen Qingxi;Yuan Yuan(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fuzhou Greening Management Department,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002 [2]福州市绿化管理处,福建福州350003

出　　处：《东南园艺》2025年第1期57-63,共7页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福州市绿化管理处横向项目(KH230079A)。

摘　　要：【目的】木棉(Bombax ceiba)在华南地区被广泛应用于园林绿化,但其果期飘絮会引发呼吸系统疾病、交通事故等各种问题。有效治理飞絮成为近年来华南多地市民迫切的诉求,也是园林绿化部门棘手的问题。【方法】以福州市区多年生木棉为试材,在木棉开花不同阶段以注射和喷施两种方式施用不同浓度的絮必治、乙烯利、甲酸钙和TMN-6(支链仲醇聚氧乙烯醚),统计树体开花情况及结实率,分析以上药剂对木棉的抑絮效果。【结果】注射试验中,在木棉花芽分化期之前,胸径每5 cm和每10 cm注射一瓶絮必治都能使木棉树体翌年不开花不结果,能抑制飞絮的产生。喷施试验中,在盛花期和末花期喷施8 g/L乙烯利均可使木棉结实率下降100%,但会导致叶片生长稀疏;在盛花期和末花期分别喷施4 g/L乙烯利可使木棉结实率分别下降97.48%和98.80%,疏除效果良好;盛花期喷施40 g/L甲酸钙和1.5 mg/L TMN-6可使木棉结实率分别下降95.39%和97.69%;末花期各浓度的TMN-6和甲酸钙疏除效果都明显降低了,无法满足生产应用上的需求。【结论】结合用药成本分析,在木棉花芽分化期之前每10cm胸径注射一瓶絮必治,或在末花期喷施4g/L乙烯利既能起到良好的疏除效果,且成本相对较低,具有较好的推广应用前景。【Objective】Bombax ceiba is widely used in landscaping in South China,but its flying-catkin in fruit period can cause respiratory diseases,traffic accidents and various other problems.Effective management of flying-catkin has become an urgent demand of the public in many parts of South China in recent years,and also a thorny problem for the landscaping department.【Method】In this study,we used perennial Bombax ceiba in Fuzhou city as the test material,and applied different concentrations of Xubizhi,ethephon,calcium formate and TMN-6 at different stages of Bombax ceiba flowering in the form of injections and sprays,and then counted the flowering situation and the fruiting rate of the trees to analyze the flying-catkin inhibition effect of the above agents on Bombax ceiba.【Result】The results showed that in the injection test,one bottle of Xubizhi injection on 5 cm and 10 cm of breast diameter before the flower bud differentiation stage of Bombax ceiba could inhibit the production of flying-catkin by preventing the flowering and fruiting of Bombax ceiba trees in the following year.In the spraying test,spraying 8 g/L of ethephon at the peak and final flowering stage could reduce the fruiting rate of Bombax ceiba by 100%,but resulted in thinning of leaf.Spraying 4 g/L of ethephon at the peak and final flowering stage could reduce the fruiting rate of Bombax ceiba by 97.48% and 98.80%,respectively,with good thinning effect;spraying 40 g/L of calcium formate and 1.5 mg/L of TMN-6 at the peak flowering stage could reduce the fruiting rate of Bombax ceiba by 95.39% and 97.69%,respectively;the thinning effect of TMN-6 and calcium formate at each concentration at the final flowering stage was significantly reduced,which could not meet the needs of production applications.【Conclusion】Combined with the cost analysis,the injection of one bottle of Xubizhi on 10 cm diameter before the flower bud differentiation stage of Bombax ceiba or the spraying of 4 g/L of ethephon at the final flowering stage could have a goo

关 键 词：木棉 化学药剂 飞絮 呼吸系统疾病 絮必治 乙烯利 花芽分化期 结实率 

分 类 号：S685.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]