2024年7·10湖北秭归张家红屋场滑坡基本特征与成因机制研究  

Study on Basic Characteristics and Genesis Mechanisms of Zhangjiahongwuchang Landslide in Zigui,Hubei on July 10,2024

作　　者：邓茂林[1,2] 彭旭 魏东 左清军[1,2] 梁之康 周梦婷 苏鹏民 朱晓涵 李雨洲 童率 DENG Maolin;PENG Xu;WEI Dong;ZUO Qingjun;LIANG Zhikang;ZHOU Mengting;SU Pengmin;ZHU Xiaohan;LI Yuzhou;TONG Shuai(National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Three Gorges University,Yichang 4430021,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Yichang 443002,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geological Survey of Hubei Province,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站,湖北宜昌4430021 [2]三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌443002 [3]湖北省水文地质工程地质勘察院,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2025年第2期329-337,共9页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42172303);河北省自然科学基金(D2023403055)资助。

摘　　要：为了深入研究张家红屋场滑坡的形成过程和成灾机理,为我国山区存在类似条件的地质灾害隐患点的减灾防灾工作提供理论依据和实践指导,通过现场调查和钻孔资料分析,结合降雨数据和数值模拟方法,探讨滑坡发生的动力学过程和成因机理。现场调查及钻孔资料分析结果表明,滑坡滑体物质为第四系碎石土,土石比6∶4;滑面为基覆界面呈“光面”型特征,坡体后缘汇水面积为27545 m^(2)。数值模拟结果表明,7月3~4日累计16 h的持续降雨造成滑坡稳定性大幅下降,7月9日的强降雨作用直接导致该滑坡发生破坏。初步研究认为,滑坡位于秭归向斜西翼的单面斜坡上,松散的第四系碎石土和“光面”型的基覆界面是该滑坡发生的内因;前期的7月3~4日累计212 mm的持续降雨和7月9日高达170 mm的强降雨、滑坡外侧大面积坡体降雨汇集成地表径流进入滑坡体、滑坡体坡表排水系统废弃为该滑坡发生的外因。At about 11:00 a.m.on July 10,2024,a shallow soil landslide triggered by heavy rainfall occurred in Sanxingdian Village,Shazhenxi Town,Zigui County,Yichang City,Hubei Province.The landslide volume was approximately 30×10^(4)m^(3).Thanks to the timely detection by community-based monitoring and prevention staff,206 individuals from 74 households were successfully evacuated.To investigate the formation process and disaster-inducing mechanism of Zhangjiahongwuchang Landslide,this study explored its dynamic processes and genesis mechanisms through field surveys,bore hole data analysis,rainfall data,and numerical simulations.The results of field surveys and borehole data analysis showed that the landslide material consisted of Quaternary gravelly soil with a soil-torock ratio of 6:4.The sliding surface was characterized by a"smooth"bedrock-overburden interface,and the catchment area at the rear edge of the slope was 27545 m^(2).Numerical simulation results demonstrated that 16 hours of cumulative rainfall from July 3rd to July 4th led to a significant decrease in landslide stability,and the heavy rainfall on July 9th directly triggered landslide failure.Preliminary research suggested that the landslide was located on a unilateral slope on the western flank of the Zigui Syncline.Loose Quaternary gravelly soil and a"smooth"bedrock-overburden interface were internal factors triggering this landslide.External factors included cumulative rainfall of 212 mm from July 3rd to July 4th and heavy rainfall of 170 mm on July 9th,surface runoff from rainfall on the extensive slope outside the landslide that converged into the landslide mass,and abandoned drainage systems on the slope surface of the landslide mass.

关 键 词：浅层土质滑坡 光面型 强降雨 数值模拟 成因机制 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]