甘肃积石山6.2级地震诱发中川乡流滑成因初探  

A Preliminary Study on Causes of Flowslide in Zhongchuan Township Triggered by M6.2 Jishishan Earthquake in Gansu Province

作　　者：常晁瑜 乔峰 薄景山[1] 绽蓓蕾[2] 谷佳沛 李昊宇 田华俊 CHANG Chaoyu;QIAO Feng;BO jingshan;ZHAN Beilei;GU Jiapei;LI Haoyu;TIAN Huajun(College of geological Engineering,Institute of Disaster Prevention,Sanhe 065201,China;Qinghai Earthquake Agency,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院,河北三河065201 [2]青海省地震局,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2025年第2期349-356,共8页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(D2023512028);中国地震局地震科技星火计划项目(XH24061YA);国家自然科学基金项目(U1939209)资助。

摘　　要：2023年12月18日,甘肃临夏州积石山县6.2级地震触发了一种不同于传统滑坡的特殊流滑地质灾害。目前,这类灾害的成因与机理尚不清晰,前期识别仍存在一定困难。该研究对中川乡流滑进行了详细调查和分析,对于此类灾害的防范具有重要的理论和现实意义。此次积石山地震所诱发的地质灾害具有低角度黄土斜坡流滑的特征,滑动距离较长,堆积区涌出浓稠泥浆,导致大量房屋掩埋,20人失踪。通过现场详细的考察和分析,探讨了流滑的成因、运移特征以及涌动速度。调查结果表明:(1)此次灾害发生于黄河的三级和二级阶地上,上下高差79.2 m,滑动距离约3.1 km,总体坡度仅1.5°,属于强震诱发低角度黄土斜坡流滑。(2)本次流滑成因初步可以归纳为连续灌溉导致滑源土体高度饱水、强烈地震触发欠固结饱和黄土的结构性丧失、低塑性指数黄土发生流动破坏以及路基溃坝和冲沟变窄增强破坏。On December 18,2023,a 6.2 magnitude earthquake in Jishishan County,Linxia Prefecture,Gansu Province triggered a special flowslide,which differed significantly from conventional landslides.Currently,the causes and mechanisms of such disasters are unclear,and their early identification remains challenging.This study conducted detailed field investigation and analysis of the Zhongchuan Township flowslide,which could provide important theoretical and practical implications for preventing such disasters.The geological disaster triggered by the Jishishan earthquake was a low-angle loess slope flowslide,with a long sliding distance and viscous mud outbursts in the accumulation area,submerging multiple houses and leaving 20 people missing.Through in-depth field investigation and analyses,the causes,movement patterns,and surge velocities of the flowslide were explored.The results showed that:(1)the flowslide occurred on the second and third terraces of the Yellow River,with an elevation difference of 79.2 m,a sliding distance of approximately 3.1 km,and an overall slope angle of merely 1.5°.This event was identified as a low-angle loess slope flowslide triggered by a strong earthquake.(2)The primary causes of the flowslide included high saturation of source loess induced by continuous irrigation,structural collapse of under-consolidated saturated loess triggered by a strong earthquake,flow failure of low-plasticity-index loess,and enhanced damage due to embankment failure and gully constriction.

关 键 词：积石山地震 中川乡流滑 流滑特征 流滑成因 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]