基于几何相位超表面的高增益透镜天线设计  

Design of High-gain Lens Antenna with Circular Polarization Conversion Based on Geometric Phase

作　　者：乔绅 李邦玉 吴星宇 崔炳喆[1,2] 何国强 QIAO Shen;LI Bangyu;WU Xingyu;CUI Bingzhe;HE Guoqiang(China Airborne Missile Academy,Luoyang 471009,China;National Key Laboratory of Air-based Information Perception and Fusion,Luoyang 471009,China;School of Communication and Information Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空空导弹研究院,洛阳471009 [2]空基信息感知与融合全国重点实验室,洛阳471009 [3]上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200444 [4]上海大学特种光纤与光接入网重点实验室,上海200444

出　　处：《微波学报》2025年第2期51-57,共7页Journal of Microwaves

基　　金：河南省青年人才托举工程(2022HYTP001)。

摘　　要：文中设计了一种兼具圆极化转换和相位调制功能的几何相位超表面单元,该单元具有亚波长尺寸、结构简单和无任何通孔连接等优点。所设计的单元对入射的任意圆极化波具有高效的极化转换效率,且当单元的谐振器旋转时,透射的电磁波会获得一个两倍旋转角度的额外相位,在0°~180°范围内谐振器以22.5°步进旋转,得到透射相位以45°为间隔的3 bit相位量化单元,相位覆盖从0°~360°。基于二维平面透镜相位分布理论,设计了一款新型兼具左、右旋圆极化转化的高增益透镜天线,透镜阵面的尺寸大小为10λ×10λ(λ为透镜天线工作中心频率对应波长)。仿真结果表明,在19.25 GHz~20.50 GHz频率范围内,所设计的透镜天线主极化增益大于26 dBi,交叉极化电平小于-20 dB,轴比小于2.2 dB。19.75 GHz时的峰值增益为28.3 dBi,旁瓣电平为-23.1 dBi,孔径效率高达50.37%。测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了文中提出的几何相位透镜天线的各项性能。In this paper,a Pancharatnam-Berry phase metasurface unit,owning circular polarization conversion and phase modulation functions,is designed.The unit has the advantages of subwavelength size,simple structure and no through-hole con-nections.The designed unit possesses high polarization conversion efficiency for any incident circularly polarized wave.When the resonator of the unit rotates,the transmitted electromagnetic wave acquires an extra phase of twice of the rotation angle.In the range of 0°~180°,as the resonator rotates in steps at 22.5°,a 3-bit phase quantization unit with transmission phase at 45°inter-vals is achieved,covering a phase range from 0°~360°.Based on the phase distribution theory of two-dimensional planar lenses,a novel high-gain lens antenna capable of dual-circular polarization conversion is designed,with a lens array surface size of 10x 10x(A represents the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's operating center frequency).Simulation results indicate that within the frequency range of 19.25 GHz~20.50 GHz,the designed lens antenna achieves a co-polarization gain above 26 dBi,a cross-polarization level below-20 dB,and an axial ratio below 2.2 dB.The peak gain at 19.75 GHz is 28.3 dBi,with a sidelobe level of-23.1 dBi and an aperture efficiency as high as 50.37%.The test results are generally consistent with the simulation re-sults,validating the performances of the proposed Pancharatnam-Berry phase lens antenna.

关 键 词：圆极化转换 几何相位调制 透镜天线 

分 类 号：TN821.5[电子电信—信息与通信工程]