民国时期对黄河滔天浊流的认知及处置问题研究  

A Study on the Cognition and Disposal of the Turbulent Current in the Yellow River during the Republican Era

作　　者：李建中 Li Jianzhong

机构地区：[1]南阳理工学院学报编辑部,河南南阳473004

出　　处：《河南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期67-74,154,共9页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“近代黄淮关系史研究”(24BZS077)阶段性成果;南阳理工学院2023年度交叉科学研究项目“黄河历史文化解析及其弘扬路径研究”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：民国时期水利专家们以现代科学技术为武器,对黄河槽内滔天浊流、黄河、黄河流域进行全方位把脉诊断,获得两点科学认知:第一,找到黄河槽内滔天浊流的4个直接来源;第二,发现黄河千年水患的6个病根,其中黄河槽内浊流滔天(含床内泥沙淤积)是最根本最直接的病根。循此两点,专家们提出了实时监测、减少来量、分流出去、畅流入海、利用起来、堤坝防决等6个处置黄河滔天浊流的思路,并将每个思路具体化为若干方法。专家们对黄河滔天浊流的认知及其提出的处置黄河滔天浊流的思路和方法颇具科学性、创新性,但其治黄实践的失败却是由于主客观大势导致的人、财、物、技的极度短缺。During the Republic of China period,water conservancy experts first proposed the idea of treating the root cause of the Yellow River in the history of Yellow River governance.Experts have used modern science and technology as weapons to conduct comprehensive diagnosis of the turbulent currents for billions of years in the Yellow River channel,the Yellow River,and the Yellow River basin,and have obtained three scientific understandings.Based on these three points,experts have proposed six strategies for dealing with the turbulent flow of the Yellow River,including real-time monitoring,reducing inflow,diverting water,flowing smoothly into the sea,utilizing it,and preventing dam breaches.Each strategy has been embodied into several methods.Research has found that experts have a scientific and innovative understanding of the Yellow River's turbulent flow and their proposed ideas and methods for dealing with it.However,the failure of its Yellow River treatment practice is due to the extreme shortage of people,finance,materials,and technology caused by subjective and objective trends.

关 键 词：滔天浊流 黄河治本 科学技术 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]