HIV感染者心理社会适应状况及影响因素的研究  

Research on the psychosocial adaptation status and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals

作　　者：王鑫 张志云 吴冬玲 白光霞 张晗希 WANG Xin;ZHANG Zhiyun;WU Dongling;BAI Guangxia;ZHANG Hanxi(Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China;Department of Nursing,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China;WHH Cooperation Office,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院皮肤性病科,北京100015 [2]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院护理部,北京100015 [3]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院WHH合作办公室,北京100015

出　　处：《中国性科学》2025年第4期139-144,共6页Chinese Journal of Human Sexuality

摘　　要：目的分析人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者心理社会适应状况及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法选取2020年10月至2023年10月首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院收治的1000例HIV感染者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、疾病心理社会适应量表(PAIS-SR)、自我接纳问卷(SAQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、家庭关怀度指数问卷(APGAR)进行问卷调查。比较不同临床特征HIV感染者PAIS-SR评分,采用Pearson法分析PAIS-SR评分与SAQ、SSRS、APGAR评分的相关性,采用Logistic回归分析PAIS-SR评分的影响因素,建立PAIS-SR评分影响因素的结构方程模型。结果剔除无效问卷10份,共回收有效问卷990份(99.00%)。990例HIV感染者PAIS-SR评分(47.86±4.06)分,处于中等偏下水平。HIV感染者PAIS-SR评分与SAQ、SSRS、APGAR评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。初中及以下受教育程度、就业情况、SAQ、SSRS、APGAR评分均为HIV感染者PAIS-SR评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。受教育程度、就业情况、SAQ、SSRS、APGAR评分对HIV感染者PAIS-SR评分的总效应分别为0.132、-0.345、-0.024、-0.022、-0.172,模型为饱和模型。结论HIV感染者心理社会适应处于中等偏下水平,受教育程度、就业情况、自我接纳、社会支持、家庭关怀度是HIV感染者心理社会适应水平的影响因素,应给予针对性干预。Objective To analyze the psychosocial adaptation status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected individuals and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 1,000 HIV-infected individuals admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University from October 2020 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method.General information survey,psychosocial adjustment to illness scale-self report(PAIS-SR),self-acceptance questionnaire(SAQ),social support rating scale(SSRS),and family care index questionnaire(APGAR)were used for questionnaire survey.The PAIS-SR scores of HIV infected individuals with different clinical characteristics were compared,Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between PAIS-SR scores and SAQ,SSRS,APGAR scores,and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of PAIS-SR scores,and a structural equation model of the influencing factors of PAIS-SR scores was established.Results After excluding 10 invalid questionnaires,a total of 990 questionnaires were collected(99.00%).The PAIS-SR score of 990 HIV-infected patients was(47.86±4.06)points,which was at a moderately low level.The PAIS-SR score of HIV-infected individuals was negatively correlated with SAQ,SSRS,and APGAR scores(P<0.05).The education level of middle school and below,employment status,SAQ,SSRS,and APGAR scores were all influencing factors of PAIS-SR scores for HIV-infected individuals(P<0.05).The total effects of education level,employment status,SAQ,SSRS,and APGAR scores on PAIS-SR scores of HIV-infected individuals were 0.132,-0.345,-0.024,-0.022,and-0.172,respectively,and the model was a saturation model.Conclusions The psychosocial adaptation of HIV-infected individuals is at a moderately low level,and education level,employment status,self-acceptance,social support,and family care degree are influencing factors of the psychosocial adaptation levels of HIV-infected individuals.Targeted interventions should be provided.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 心理社会适应 自我接纳 社会支持 家庭关怀度 

分 类 号：R759[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]