2021—2023年上海地区轻度认知障碍社区人群心理状况及影响因素分析  

Psychological status and influencing factors of community people with mild cognitive impairment in Shanghai in 2021-2023

作　　者：朱敏捷[1] 林翔 严峰 苏宁 李霞[1] ZHU Minjie;LIN Xiang;YAN Feng;SU Ning;LI Xia(Department of Psychiatry,Mental Health Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心精神科,上海200030

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2025年第3期77-80,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 评估2021—2023年上海地区轻度认知障碍社区人群心理状况及影响因素,为社区制定有针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法 回顾性选取2021年1月至2023年8月上海社区进行随访的178例轻度认知障碍患者,将其纳入观察组,另选同期随访的性别年龄相匹配的认知正常者178例纳入对照组。采用SAS和GDS量表评价两组的心理健康状况。根据GDS评分,将轻度认知障碍患者分为心理良好组(n=142)组与心理不良组(n=36),对比两组患者的一般资料,并利用logistic回归分析轻度认知障碍患者心理状况不良的主要影响因素。结果 观察组和对照组中抑郁、焦虑和睡眠状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理良好组的性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、居住状况和吸烟情况与心理不良组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。心理不良组年龄≥65岁、经济不满意、喝酒、睡眠障碍、合并2种以上慢性病占比显著高于心理良好组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、经济满意度、饮酒、睡眠障碍、合并慢性病情况与轻度认知障碍患者心理状况不良有关(P<0.05)。结论 社区需定时监测轻度认知障碍患者心理状态,并根据其危险因素针对性地采取干预措施,提高轻度认知障碍患者的心理健康及生活水平。Objective To investigate the psychological status and influencing factors of community people with mild cognitive impairment in Shanghai from 2021 to 2023,and to provide scientific basis for the community to formulate targeted intervention measures.Methods A total of 178 patients with mild cognitive impairment who underwent health examinations in Shanghai communities from January 2021 to August 2023 were retrospectively selected and included in the observation group,and an additional 178 patients with normal cognitive status who were matched by gender and age during the same period were selected and included in the control group.The SAS and GDS scales were used to evaluate the mental health status of the two groups.According to the GDS score,patients with mild cognitive impairment were divided into a good psychological group(n=142) and a poor psychological group(n=36).The general information of the two groups of patients was compared,and logistic regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of poor mental status in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Results The differences in depression,anxiety and sleep conditions between the observation group and the control group were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in gender,marital status,education level,living status and smoking status between the good psychological group and the poor psychological group(P>0.05).The proportions of patients in the poor psychological group who were ≥65 years old,financially dissatisfied,drinking alcohol,sleep disordered,and suffering from more than two chronic diseases were significantly higher than those in the good psychological group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that age,economic satisfaction,alcohol consumption,sleep disorders,and combined chronic diseases were related to poor psychological status of patients with mild cognitive impairment(P<0.05).Conclusion Communities need to regularly monitor the mental status of patients with mild cognitive impairment

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 心理状况 影响因素 社区 健康管理 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]