苯作业人员血常规异常情况及影响因素分析  

Abnormalities and influencing factors of blood routine examination results among benzene-exposed workers

作　　者：牛进 何微[2] 刘冬燕[3] NIU Jin;HE Wei;LIU Dongyan(Health Promotion Center,Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Baoji,Shaanxi 721000,China;Department of Infectious Disease Prevention,Baoji Center For Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji,Shaanxi 721006,China;Jinling Community Health Service Center,Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Baoji,Shaanxi 721000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省宝鸡市妇幼保健院健康促进中心,陕西宝鸡721000 [2]陕西省宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,陕西宝鸡721006 [3]陕西省宝鸡市妇幼保健院金陵社区卫生服务中心,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2025年第3期154-157,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探究苯作业人员血常规异常情况及影响因素分析。方法 收集2021年1月至2023年12月于陕西省宝鸡市妇幼保健院健康促进中心进行职业健康检查的2 520名苯作业人员资料,对其进行血常规检查,分析苯作业人员血常规异常情况,并探讨相关的影响因素。结果 2 520名苯作业人员中共检出血常规异常患者92人,血常规异常检出率为3.65%,白细胞计数异常检出率最高(2.94%),其中化工业苯作业人员血常规异常检出率最高5.20%(χ^(2)=8.532,P=0.036)。不同年龄、饮酒情况、血压、血糖情况、企业所有制情况苯作业人员的血常规异常检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别、吸烟情况、工龄、企业规模、岗位类型的苯作业人员血常规异常检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归结果显示,性别(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.092~1.884)、吸烟(OR=1.515,95%CI:1.284~2.121)、工龄(OR=1.724,95%CI:1.407~2.618)、企业规模(OR=1.474,95%CI:1.146~1.930)、岗位类型(OR=1.388,95%CI:1.016~1.714)都是苯作业人员血常规异常的风险因素(P<0.05)。结论 苯作业人员血常规异常检查结果不容乐观,相关部门应加强苯作业场所的职业卫生监测,加强女性员工、吸烟人员、工龄长、小企业和一线苯作业人员个人防护意识,改善企业设备。Objective To investigate the abnormalities and influencing factors of blood routine examination results among benzene-exposed workers.Methods Data of 2 520 benzene-exposed workers who underwent occupational health examination in health promotion center of our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were collected.All individuals received blood routine test,and the abnormalities and related influencing factors were explored.Results A total of 92 out of 2 520 benzene-exposed workers were found to have abnormal blood routine examination results with a detection rate of 3.65%.The detection rate of abnormal white blood cell counts accounted for the highest proportion(2.94%),and the rate of abnormal blood routine examination results was the highest among chemical workers exposed to benzene(χ^(2)=8.532,P=0.036).No statistical difference was reported in detection rate of abnormal blood routine examination results among workers of different age,alcohol consumption,blood pressure,blood glucose,and ownership structure(P>0.05),while statistical difference was found among workers of different gender,smoking history,length of service,enterprise sizes and job types(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis denoted that gender(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.092-1.884),smoking(OR=1.515,95%CI:1.284-2.121),length of service(OR=1.724,95%CI:1.407-2.618),enterprise size(OR=1.474,95%CI:1.146-1.930) and job type(OR=1.388,95%CI:1.016-1.714) were all risk factors for abnormal blood routine examination results in benzene-exposed workers(P<0.05).Conclusion Benzene-exposed workers are at high risk of abnormal blood routine test results,and the relevant departments should strengthen the occupational health monitoring,enhance the awareness of self-protection among workers of female gender,smoke,long length of work,small enterprises and front-line workers,and improve the equipment quality of enterprises.

关 键 词：苯 职业健康检查 血常规 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]