“振动”和“震动”辨析  

Analysis of“Vibration”and“ Shaking”

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] LIU Tingting

机构地区：[1]商务印书馆汉语编辑中心,北京100710

出　　处：《中国科技术语》2025年第3期107-111,125,共6页CHINA TERMINOLOGY

摘　　要：文章深入辨析了“振动”与“震动”在语义、语用及翻译层面的差异。首先,剖析了“振”与“震”的基本语义,前者所使用的语境多与人为活动相关,后者所使用的语境多与自然界的活动相关。其次,探讨了“振动”与“震动”的区别,指出“振动”和“震动”主要有两个辨析点:一是运动性质,二是运动主体。再次,分析了“振动”和“震动”与英文术语“vibration、oscil-lation”和“shaking、motion”的对应关系和对应的合理性。在以上辨析的基础上,考察了“术语在线”平台上“振动”相关的339个术语和“震动”相关的31个术语的使用情况,提出针对个别术语的调整意见。This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the differences between"vibration"and"shaking"at the semantic,pragmatic,and translation levels.Firstly,it examines the basic meanings of"zhen"(振)and"zhen"(震),noting that the former is often used in contexts related to human activities,while the latter is more commonly associated with natural phenomena.Secondly,it explores the distinctions between"vibration"and"shaking",highlighting two main points of differentiation:the nature of the movement and the subject of the movement.Thirdly,it analyzes the correspondence and rationality of the Chinese terms with their English counterparts"vibration,oscillation"and"shak ing,motion".Based on the above analys is,this paper examines the usage of 339 temns related to"vi bration"and 31 terms related to"shaking"on the"Term Online"platform,and proposes adjustments for individual terms.

关 键 词：振动 震动 周期性 规律性 

分 类 号：H1[语言文字—汉语] G3[文化科学]