高水头水电站水轮机泥沙磨损特性及防护措施研究  

Sediment Erosion Characteristics and Protective Measures for Hydraulic Turbines in High-Head Hydropower Stations

作　　者：姜源清 逯鹏 李静 石刘宏幸[2] JIANG Yuanqing;LU Peng;LI Jing;SHI-LIU Hongxing(China Energy Engineering Group Guangxi Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power,Nanning 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国能源建设集团广西电力设计研究院有限公司,广西南宁530007 [2]广西水利电力职业技术学院,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《红水河》2025年第2期15-19,共5页

摘　　要：笔者针对某高水头、大泥沙含量水电站水轮机的泥沙磨损问题展开研究。依据IEC 62364:2019标准推荐的类比法,并结合现场实测的泥沙特性及过机含沙量数据,对水轮机过流部件的磨损特性进行预测。结果表明:若不采取喷涂防护措施,活动导叶的磨损深度为3.50 mm/a,抗磨板的为2.85 mm/a,转轮进口的为2.08 mm/a,其中活动导叶磨损最为严重;采用喷涂技术后,水轮机大修时间可延长至6 a,喷涂技术是延长机组大修周期和使用寿命的有效措施。鉴于水轮机磨蚀机理的复杂性以及该项目面临的不利条件,建议在设计阶段高度重视泥沙磨蚀问题,并在后续阶段开展泥沙磨损试验研究,以确保电站的安全稳定运行。This study investigates the sediment erosion issues of turbines in a high-head hydropower station with high sediment content.Based on the analogy method recommended by IEC 62364:2019 standard,combined with the measured sediment characteristics and sediment concentration data,the erosion characteristics of the turbine's flow-passing components are predicted.The results show that without protective coating measures,the wear depths would reach 3.50 mm/a for guide vanes,2.85 mm/a for anti-erosion plates,and 2.08 mm/a at the runner inlet,with guide vanes exhibiting the most severe erosion;After implementing spray coating technology,the turbine's overhaul interval can be extended to 6 years.Spray coating technology proves to be an effective measure for prolonging equipment maintenance cycles and service life.Given the complexity of turbine erosion mechanisms and the project's adverse conditions,it is recommended to prioritize sediment erosion prevention during the design phase and conduct experimental research on sediment abrasion in subsequent stages to ensure safe and stable operation of the power station.

关 键 词：水轮机 泥沙磨损 高水头水电站 类比法 喷涂技术 抗磨蚀措施 

分 类 号：TK730[交通运输工程—轮机工程]