异种肝移植的基础与临床研究任重道远  

Necessity and significance in basic and clinical research of liver xenotransplantation

作　　者：洪昕 张玄 窦科峰 Hong Xin;Zhang Xuan;Dou Kefeng(Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,the First Hospital Affiliated to Air Force Medical University,Xi′an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学第一附属医院肝胆外科,西安710032

出　　处：《中华外科杂志》2025年第4期294-299,共6页Chinese Journal of Surgery

摘　　要：肝移植是终末期肝病唯一有效的治愈手段。然而,供肝短缺成为限制肝移植发展的主要难题。在解决供肝短缺问题的诸多途径中,异种肝移植具有较高的可行性和临床应用前景。近年来,异种心脏移植和肾移植已成功开展了临床试验,而异种肝移植临床前模型的存活期被局限在34 d,暂不具备进入临床试验的条件。异种肝移植未来走向临床试验必将面临术后免疫排斥反应、种间不相容和社会伦理问题等多重挑战,需要政府、社会、科研及医疗机构多方合力,共同推进我国异种肝移植的基础与临床研究。Liver transplantation is the only effective cure for end-stage liver disease.However,donor liver shortage has become a major problem,limiting the development of liver transplantation.Among the many ways to solve the problem of donor liver shortage,xenotransplantation has high feasibility and prospect of clinical application.In recent years,heart and kidney xenotransplantation have been successfully carried out in clinical trials,while there are few studies on liver xenotransplantation.The survival time of preclinical models in liver xenotransplantation is limited to 34 days,which is not sufficient for clinical trials.The future clinical trials of liver xenotransplantation will face multiple challenges such as immune rejection,interspecific incompatibility,social and ethical issues,which require the joint efforts of government,society,research institution and medical institution and to promote the basic and clinical research of liver xenotransplantation in China.

关 键 词：肝移植 治疗 临床研究性 基础研究 供肝短缺 异种肝移植 

分 类 号：R657.3[医药卫生—外科学]